摘要
随着氯碱行业的持续发展,电石渣的排放及堆存量日益增长,造成了严重的环境污染、土地与钙资源浪费。针对电石渣的资源化利用难题,在分析电石渣组成、结构特点的基础上,对其在建材、化工材料和环保治理方面的研究进行综述,重点讨论了资源综合利用的问题及研究趋势。分析表明,电石渣粒径细、反应活性高,传统大规模消纳主要用于替代石灰石制备水泥等建工建材,但受到了国内市场趋于饱和、地理位置集中等限制;电石渣主要成分是氢氧化钙,可用于制备氧化钙、碳酸钙等化工产品,但受电石渣中杂质影响导致处理过程成本高、易造成二次污染;电石渣呈强碱性、消融性较好,在酸性废水和烟气脱硫等环境治理过程中性能优异,替代钙基吸收剂用于烟气脱硫,将成为电石渣综合利用的发展方向之一。综上,电石渣资源化利用具有显著的经济效益和环境效益,电石渣中的有害组分和杂质是限制电石渣利用的主要因素,同时应结合其地域特点,因地制宜综合考虑不同地区的利用方式,从而实现以废治废的循环理念。
With the continuous development of chlor alkali industry,the discharge and storage of calcium carbide slag are increasing,which results in serious environmental pollution and the waste of land and calcium resources.Based on the analysis of the composition and structural characteristics and the problem of resource utilization of calcium carbide slag,the usage of calcium carbide slag in building materials,chemical materials and environmental protection was analyzed in this paper.In addition,the problems and research trends of comprehensive utilization of resources was vitally discussed.The analysis shows that calcium carbide slag has fine particle size and high reactivity.The traditional large-scale consumption is mainly used to replace limestone to prepare cement and other building materials,but it is limited by domestic market saturation and geographical concentration.Calcium hydroxide is the main component of calcium carbide slag,which can be used to prepare calcium oxide,calcium carbonate and other chemical products.However,due to the influence of impurities in calcium carbide slag,the cost of treatment process is high and secondary pollution is easy to occur.Moreover,calcium carbide slag has strong alkalinity and good ablation performance,and it has excellent performance in the treatment of acidic waste water and flue gas desulfurization.In addition,it will become one of the development directions of comprehensive utilization of calcium carbide slag replace calcium absorbent for flue gas desulfurization.In conclusion,the utilization of calcium carbide slag has significant economic and environmental benefits.But the harmful components and impurities in calcium carbide slag are the main factors limiting the utilization of calcium carbide slag.At the same time,the utilization modes of different regions should be considered according to their regional characteristics and local conditions to achieve the“waste control by waste”objective.
作者
赵立文
朱干宇
李少鹏
孟子衡
牟秀娟
张建波
李会泉
谢克强
ZHAO Liwen;ZHU Ganyu;LI Shaopeng;MENG Ziheng;MU Xiujuan;ZHANG Jianbo;LI Huiquan;XIE Keqiang(Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology,Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China;School of Chemical Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《洁净煤技术》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第3期13-26,共14页
Clean Coal Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFC1908805)
中国科学院绿色过程制造创新研究院自主部署项目(IAGM-2019-A09)
中国科学院青年创新促进会资助项目(2018066)。
关键词
电石渣
资源化
建材
烟气脱硫
循环利用
calcium carbide slag
recycling
building materials
flue gas desulfurization
cyclic utilization
