摘要
微塑料是一种广泛存在的新型环境污染物,几乎存在于任何环境介质中,在海洋、河流、陆地、大气、土壤中均发现有微塑料污染。为更好地了解淡水环境中微塑料的研究情况,详细介绍了淡水系统中的微塑料采样和预处理方法,并探讨了其发展方向。其中,采样方法涉及水体、沉积物及水生生物方面;在微塑料的提取方面,比较了不同提取溶液和提取方法的优缺点;在样品消解方面,分析了不同消解液和消解方法的优缺点。最后针对现阶段微塑料分析方法存在的不足,提出了今后的发展趋势及工作展望,以期为淡水环境中微塑料的采样及预处理技术发展提供参考。
As an emerging pollutant,microplastics are widely detected in oceans,rivers,land,air and soil.For a better understanding of the research situation of microplastics in fresh water,the sampling and pretreatment methods for microplastics in freshwater system are expounded,and the development direction is discussed.The sampling objects includes water,sediment and aquatic organisms.In the extraction of microplastics,the advantages and shortcomings of different extraction solutions and extraction methods are compared.In terms of sample digestion,the strengths and weaknesses of different digestion solutions and digestion methods are analyzed.Last but not the least,the development trend and work prospect in microplastics analysis methods in future are put forward which is expected to offer reference for the development of sampling and pretreatment technology of microplastics in freshwater environment.
作者
李丹文
林莉
潘雄
吴晓晖
LI Dan-wen;LIN Li;PAN Xiong;WU Xiao-hui(Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan430010, China;School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)
出处
《长江科学院院报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期14-23,共10页
Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CKSF202/480/SH,CKSF2017062/SH)。
关键词
微塑料
新型污染物
淡水水体
采样方法
预处理方法
microplastics
novel pollutant
freshwater system
sampling method
pretreatment method
