摘要
为了探明水肥配施对枸杞生长、产量和品质等方面的综合影响,以获取最适水肥配施方案,设置3个不同灌溉定额(194,254,313 mm)和3个不同N-P2O5-K2O配比施肥量(135-45-90,180-60-120,225-75-90 kg/hm^(2))9个组合,采用完全随机设计,利用AHP和熵权法相结合的综合评判方法对枸杞的4类一级指标和12类二级指标进行综合评判,以构建枸杞水肥配施综合评判模型.通过最小二乘法对AHP法和熵权法进行优化组合,计算综合评判权重,以自然间断法将综合评判权重进行分类,确定水肥配施方案的决策依据.以综合评判指数为因变量,以灌溉定额和总施肥量为自变量进行逐步二项式回归分析,建立回归方程,分析水肥耦合下对综合评价指数的影响,并确定在综合评价指数最大时对应的水肥配施方案.结果表明,综合评判指数随水肥配施量增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,与生产实际相符;各类因素对综合评判指数的影响中,粒度、百粒质量、干果产量和总糖这4个因素对枸杞生长的综合评判影响较大,占总评判指数73.3%以上.基于AHP和熵权法组合优化后得出的枸杞最优水肥方案:灌溉定额为252~278 mm(不含春冬灌),配比施肥量(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O)为197-66-131 kg/hm^(2)~203-68-135 kg/hm^(2),枸杞综合效益最佳.
In order to explore the comprehensive effects of water and fertilizer application on the growth,yield and quality of Lycium barbarum L.,and obtain the optimal water and fertilizer application,three different irrigation quota(194,254 and 313 mm)and three different fertilizer rates(135-45-90,180-60-120 and 225-75-90 kg/hm^(2))in total nine combinations were set as experiment factors,and a completely random design was carried out.The comprehensive evaluation method of AHP and entropy weight method was used 4 kinds of first grade indexes and 12 kinds of second grade indexes of Lycium barbarum L.and the comprehensive evaluation model for water and fertilizer scheme of Lycium barbarum L.was established.The AHP and entropy weight method were optimized by the least square method to calculate the comprehensive evaluation weight,and the comprehensive evaluation weight was classified by the natural discontinuity method,which was used as the basis for the decision of water and fertilizer combined application scheme.Then,taking the comprehensive evaluation index as the dependent variable and the irrigation quota and total fertilizer amount as the independent variables,the stepwise binomial regression analysis was carried out to establish the regression equation.The regression equation was established to analyze the influence of the water and fertilizer coupling on the comprehensive evaluation index,and the corresponding water and fertilizer distribution scheme was determined when the comprehensive evaluation index was the largest.The results show that the comprehensive evaluation value of Lycium barbarum L.increase first and then decrease with the increase of water and fertilizer application amount,which is consistent with the actual production.Among all kinds of factors,the grain size,100 grain weight,dry yield and total sugar have a greater influence on the comprehensive evaluation index of Lycium barbarum L.growth,accounting for more than 73.3%of the total evaluation index.Based on the evaluation of AHP and entropy weight method,the optimal water and fertilizer scheme for the Lycium barbarum L.is obtained as follows:the irrigation quota is 252-278 mm(excluding spring and winter irrigation),and the fertilizer amount(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O)is 197-66-131 kg/hm^(2) to 203-68-135 kg/hm^(2).
作者
邓箴
尹娟
吴军斌
张海军
DENG Zhen;YIN Juan;WU Junbin;ZHANG Haijun(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;School of Information Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;The Modern Agriculture in Arid Regions Efficient Utilization of Water Resources Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Ningxia Research Center of Technology on Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resources Regulation,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China)
出处
《排灌机械工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期712-719,共8页
Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering
基金
2018年宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2018BBF02006)
2017年宁夏回族自治区青年人才托举工程项目
宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2017A03)。
关键词
枸杞
水肥方案
综合评判
层次分析法
熵权法
Lycium barbarum L.
water and fertilizer scheme
comprehensive evaluation
analytic hierarchy process
entropy weight method
