摘要
科学评价河流水质的时空变化,对河流水污染防治具有重要意义。基于2012—2018年辽河干流3个主要国控断面的水质监测数据,建立了水质综合评价指标体系和分级标准阈值体系,采用模糊隶属度模型构建了水质综合评价方法,综合测度了辽河干流铁岭、沈阳、盘锦段水质的时空变化。结果表明:2012—2018年,辽河干流各监测断面水质综合评价指数多为0.5~0.7,在中等和良好的临界水平波动,但上游水质总体略优于下游水质,而且水质季节变化特征明显。建议尽快构建辽河流域基于水环境容量的取用水动态调控机制,制定污水排放控制与水质监测实时挂钩方案,进一步加大水污染治理投资力度,不断完善流域水污染联防联控机制,以实现辽河流域水资源与水环境联动调控和精细化管理。
Scientific assessment of the river water quality spatiotemporal variation is of great significance for river water pollution prevention.In order to comprehensively measure the spatiotemporal changes of water quality in Tieling,Shenyang and Panjin sections of Liaohe River mainstream,an water quality integrated assessment indicator system was constructed.The thresholds and grading standards for each specific indicator and their integrated indexes were set based on the water quality monitoring data of three main national control sections in Liaohe River mainstream from 2012 to 2018.A fuzzy membership model was used to construct the comprehensive evaluation method of water quality.The results showed that the water quality of each monitoring section fluctuated at moderate and good levels according to the integrated assessment index,which varied between 0.5-0.7.In general,the downstream water quality was worse than the upstream water quality,and the water quality showed obvious regular changes with the seasonal changes.Some suggestions were put forward to realize the joint regulation and fine management of water resources and water environment in Liaohe River Basin.These included establishing a dynamic water use regulation mechanism based on water environment capacity in Liaohe River Basin as soon as possible,formulating a scheme of real-time relation between sewage discharge control and water quality monitoring,increasing the investment for water pollution control,and continuously improving the working mechanism of joint prevention and control of water pollution in the river basin.
作者
梁广林
贾振宇
高艳妮
孙倩莹
戴霞
侯春飞
LIANG Guanglin;JIA Zhenyu;GAO Yanni;SUN Qianying;DAI Xia;HOU Chunfei(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-Process and Function Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)
出处
《环境工程技术学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期693-700,共8页
Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07601-003)。
关键词
水环境质量
综合评价
模糊隶属度模型
阈值标准
辽河干流
water environment quality
integrated assessment
fuzzy membership model
threshold criteria
the main stream of Liaohe River
