摘要
开花是高等植物从营养生长到生殖生长转变的重要发育过程,该过程受内外多种因素调控,该过程中成花素FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)蛋白的诱导极其关键。苎麻和大蒜分别为短日照和长日照经济作物,对比研究两者FT基因家族特征,有助于理解植物的开花进化。研究基于苎麻和大蒜基因组注释,筛选出2个苎麻FT家族基因和11个大蒜FT家族基因。结合模式植物拟南芥AtFT蛋白和水稻Hd3a蛋白进行保守序列比对分析,发现苎麻FT蛋白进化过程中高度保守,而大蒜的11个FT蛋白发生了广泛的氨基酸序列变异,仅有4个蛋白Asa2G02821.1、Asa6G00732.1、Asa7G06383.1和Asa7G06386.1保存了开花调节功能所必需的完整关键氨基酸序列。利用MAGA软件将该15个蛋白分为3类,其中苎麻蛋白Bnt01G000036、Bnt02G002054和大蒜Asa2G02821.1、Asa6G00732.1、Asa8G04470.1、Asa0G05138.1蛋白以及AtFT/Hd3a蛋白同属一个亚家族,推测他们是AtFT/Hd3a的直系同源蛋白,可能与苎麻和大蒜的开花控制相关。研究首次揭示了苎麻和大蒜的FT基因家族进化特征,为系统分析该两个经济作物的开花进化机制奠定了基础。此外,研究也在苎麻和大蒜中鉴定到AtFT/Hd3a的直系同源基因,为开展该两个经济作物的开花时间改良研究提供了基因资源。
Flowering is one of the most important developmental process in plants,which indicates that the plant finishes a transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth.This process is regulated by many internal and external factors,including the florigen FT protein that plays a crucial role in the flowering induction.Ramie and garlic are short-day and long-day economic crops,respectively.Studying the evolution of their FT gene family is helpful to understand the flowering evolution of plants.In this study,we identified two and eleven FT members in ramie and garlic,respectively,indicating an expansion of FT family in garlic genome.Combining the Arabidopsis FT protein and rice Hd3 a protein to conduct a conservative sequence comparison analysis,it was found that the FT protein of ramie is highly conserved in the evolution process,while garlic FT protein had extensive amino acid sequence variation,and only four of which comprised a whole conserved sequence which is essential for the flowering regulation function,i.e.,Asa2 G02821.1,Asa6 G00732.1,Asa7 G06383.1,and Asa7 G06386.1.Then,we performed a phylogenetic analysis for these FT proteins using the MAGA program,and it was found that these fifteen proteins constituted three subfamilies.Two ramie FT members(Bnt01 G000036 and Bnt02 G002054),four garlic FT members(Asa2 G02821.1,Asa6 G00732.1,Asa8 G04470.1,and Asa0 G05138.1)_and AtFT/Hd3 a were assigned in to a common subfamily,indicating these FT protein of ramie and garlic were the ortholog of AtFT/Hd3 a,and they had potential roles in the flowering control.Taken together,this study characterized the evolution of the FT family in ramie and garlic first,which provided insights into the evolution of flowering in these two economical crops.Furthermore,the identification of ortholog of AtFT/Hd3a offer reliable gene resources for the improvement of flowering time trait in these two crops.
作者
高馨悦
严理
刘头明
GAO Xinyue;YAN Li;LIU Toumin(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410205,China)
出处
《中国麻业科学》
2021年第3期105-110,共6页
Plant Fiber Sciences in China
基金
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-IBFC)。
