摘要
为评价53科110种植物的杀虫活性,本研究采用小叶碟添加法和微量点滴法,测定了植物乙醇提取物对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)、粘虫(Mythimna seperata)和豌豆修尾蚜(Megoura japonica)的杀虫活性;进一步测定了活性较好植物提取物对小菜蛾、粘虫和豌豆修尾蚜的拒食、胃毒和触杀毒力。结果表明:在1 g/mL的供试剂量下,铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale)、荸荠(Eleocharis dulcis)和白棠子树(Callicarpa dichotoma)对小菜蛾3龄幼虫72 h的校正死亡率均在80%以上,LC50分别为321.94、352.46、457.14 mg/mL;鹿藿(Rhynchosia volubilis)对小菜蛾3龄幼虫72 h的拒食率在90%以上,AFC50为362.74 mg/mL。木蝴蝶(Oroxylum indicum)和铁皮石斛对粘虫3龄幼虫72 h的校正死亡率均在60%以上;铁皮石斛和木蝴蝶对粘虫3龄幼虫的拒食率均为90%以上,AFC50分别为318.06和329.94 mg/mL。荸荠、铁皮石斛、秋子梨(Pyrus ussuriensis)、单叶蔓荆(Vitex rotundifolia)和青藤仔(Jasminum nervosum)提取物对豌豆修尾蚜的LC50分别为21.87、190.22、225.51、233.47、273.76 mg/mL。由此可见,木蝴蝶、铁皮石斛、白棠子树和荸荠等4种植物的杀虫活性较好,具有进一步研究的价值。
In order to evaluate the insecticidal activity of the extracts from traditional Chinese medicines,110 plant ex-tracts were tested by the leaf disc method and micro spot method,with Plutella xylostella,Mythimna separate and Me-goura japonica as the indicators,and the antifeedant,stomach posioning and contact toxicity were further evaluated.The results showed that Dendrobium officinale,Eleocharis dulcis and Callicarpa dichotoma extracts had high toxic on 3rd larva of P.xylostella,with the corrected mortality of more than 80%after 72 h;and the LC50 value was 321.94,352.46 and 457.14 mg/mL,respectively.The antifeedant rate of Rhynchosia volubilis extract was over 90%against 3rd larva of P.xylostella after 72 h,and the AFC50 value was 362.74 mg/mL.The corrected mortality of Oroxylum indicum and D.officinale extracts were over 60%against 3rd larva of M.separate;D.officinale and O.indicum extract had ef-fective antifeedant activity against 3rd larva of M.separate,with the antifeedant rate of more than 90%after 72 h,and the AFC50 value was 318.06 and 329.94 mg/mL,respectively.The toxicity test showed E.dulcist,D.officinale,Pyrus ussuriensis,Vitex rotundifolia and Jasminum nervosum had effective contact activity against M.japonica,with the LC50 of 21.87,190.22,225.51,233.47 and 273.76 mg/mL,respectively.In a word,O.indicum,D.officinale,C.dichotoma and E.dulcis had effective insecticidal activity,and should be further studied.
作者
于化龙
李晶晶
任美儒
刘禄威
马树杰
YU Hualong;LI Jingjing;REN Meiru;LIU Luwei;MA Shujie(College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071001,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期2085-2093,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(No.YJ201913)
河北省省属高等学校基本科研业务费研究项目(No.KY202015)。
关键词
植物源农药
小菜蛾
粘虫
豌豆修尾蚜:杀虫活性
botanical pesticide
Plutella xylostella
Mythimna separate
Megoura japonica
insecticidal activity
