摘要
为了解盐渍化土壤长期种稻引起土壤微生物和理化性质的变化特征,选取了种植水稻0、1、6、12、21 a的田块,用旱地(种植玉米)土壤作对照,利用Illumina Hiseq高通量测序技术解析不同种稻年限土壤细菌群落结构的特征,并分析了土壤理化因子与细菌群落结构的关系。结果表明:变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门是所有样点土壤细菌群落的优势种类,其中,变形菌门占总量的36.39%~53.20%,γ-变形菌纲相对丰度在0 a种稻的土壤中显著高于其他样点(P<0.05)。变形菌门相对丰度在种稻1 a的土壤中含量较高,达到45.26%;拟杆菌门的相对丰度在种稻12 a和21 a土壤中较高,分别为20.25%和20.44%;放线菌门相对丰度在0 a土壤中显著高于其他样点(P<0.05),为17.90%。在属水平,布赫纳氏菌属是所有样点的优势属。α多样性指数结果显示:种稻12 a的土壤细菌群落多样性和丰富度都显著低于其他样点,分别低于对照17.06%、85.73%、82.88%。土壤理化性质测定结果表明:全氮和硝态氮在旱地土壤中含量最高;微生物碳和电导率在种稻12 a的土壤中最低,低于对照101.89%、23.25%;有机碳在21 a种稻土壤中含量最高,高于对照29.03%;pH值在21 a种稻土壤中最低,低于对照组1.05%。Pearson相关性分析表明:微生物量碳和土壤电导率对细菌多样性指数的影响显著。冗余分析结果表明,土壤电导率值、微生物碳和硝态氮是影响盐渍化稻作土壤细菌群落结构的主要因子。研究表明,随着种稻年限的延长土壤细菌群落和理化性质发生显著变化,土壤生境呈明显的改善趋势。
In order to understand the changes of soil microorganism and physicochemical properties during the long-term rice planting in saline-alkali soil,this study selected five time series of paddy fields of 0,1,6,12 years and 21 years as treatment groups,and the dryland(corn planting)soil as a control group.The characteristics of bacterial community structure of different rice planting years were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing on Illumina Miseq platform.At the same time,the relationship between soil physicochemical factors and bacterial community structure was analyzed.The results showed that Proteobacteria,Bacteroides and Actinobacteria were the dominant phylum of soil bacterial community.Among them,Proteobacteria accounted for 36.39%~53.20%of the total amount,and the relative abundance ofγ-Proteobacteria in 0-rice planting year was significantly higher than that of other samples(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was 45.26%in one year of rice planting which was the highest.The relative abundance of Bacteroides was 20.25%and 20.44%in the soil of 12 years and 21 years of rice planting,respectively,which were higher than that of other rice planting years.The relative abundance of Actinobacteria was significantly higher in the soil of 0 year than other samples(P<0.05),which was 17.09%.At the genus level,Brucella was the dominant genus in all sample sites.The results of diversity index showed that the diversity and richness of soil bacterial community in the 12 years of rice planting were significantly lower than those in other samples,which were 17.06%,85.73%and 82.88%respectively.The results showed that the content of total nitrogen and nitrate was the highest in dryland soil.The microbial biomass carbon and electrical conductivity were the lowest in the 12 years of rice planting,which were lower than those of the control group(101.89%,23.25%).The content of organic carbon was the highest in 21-year rice soil,which was 29.03%,higher than the control dryland.The pH value was the lowest in 21 years of paddy soil,lower than 1.05%of the control group.Pearson correlation analysis showed that MBC and soil electrical conductivity significantly affected bacterial diversity index.The results of redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that soil electrical conductivity,microbial biomass carbon and nitrate nitrogen were the main factors affecting the bacterial community structure of saline-alkali rice soil.Our results showed that soil microbial community and physicochemical properties changed significantly with the extension of rice planting years,and the soil habitat showed a significant improvement trend.
作者
李明
马飞
张俊华
LI Ming;MA Fei;ZHANG Junhua(School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China;Institute of Grape and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China;Institute of Environmental Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China)
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期194-202,共9页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金(41967040)。
关键词
盐碱地
种稻年限
细菌群落
微生物多样性
土壤理化性质
saline-alkali soil
rice planting year
bacterial community
microbial diversity
soil physicochemical properties
