摘要
2019年4—11月,在四川省若尔盖县选取全年禁牧、冬季放牧、全年放牧3种放牧模式样地,对高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)洞口的数量、空间分布格局变化及影响因子进行了研究。计算平均最近邻指数和S^(2)/m比值来分析样方(10 m×10 m)和样地水平下的空间分布格局,通过非参数检验评估空间分布格局在不同放牧模式间和月份间的差异显著性。结果显示:(1)高原鼠兔的洞口总数和有效洞口数在不同放牧模式间均存在显著差异,以冬季放牧模式的洞口数量最多;冬季放牧和全年禁牧模式的洞口数量在月份间有显著变化;(2)无论样方和样地水平,洞口空间分布格局在不同放牧模式间都存在显著差异;在同一放牧模式下,所有洞口和有效洞口的分布型存在差异;(3)植被高度和盖度与高原鼠兔的洞口数量和洞口分布格局相关;(4)洞口数量与平均最近邻指数有显著正相关关系。研究结果说明:不同放牧模式会影响高原鼠兔的空间利用模式及种群动态;高原鼠兔洞口数量及分布型受到植被高度和盖度的影响。
We studied the impacts of grazing on the number and spatial patterns of plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae)burrows in Zoige County of Sichuan Province,China from April to November,2019.The grazing mode was categorized as grazing prohibition(GP),winter grazing(WG)and year-round grazing(YG).The average nearest neighbor ratio and the S^(2)/m value(the ratio of variation to mean)were respectively used to assess the spatial patterns of burrows within quadrats(10 m×10 m)and at a larger scale within plots.A nonparametric test was used to evaluate differences in spatial patterns between grazing modes and investigation months.Our results showed that:(1)the total and available burrow numbers of plateau pika were significantly different between grazing modes,and WG plots had the highest number.The number of burrows in the WG plots and YG plots differed significantly between months.(2)There were significant differences in the spatial patterns of burrows between grazing modes in the scale of quadrat and plot.The spatial patterns of all burrows and available burrows showed different distributions.(3)The height and coverage of vegetation were correlated with the number and spatial patterns of pika burrows.(4)The total burrow number was positively correlated with the average nearest neighbor ratio.Our study indicated that grazing mode can affect the spatial patterns of plateau pika and subsequently population dynamics.The utilization and spatial pattern of pika burrows are highly influenced by the height and coverage of vegetation near and around burrows.
作者
何倩芸
王小祎
罗概
张珮
冉江洪
HE Qianyun;WANG Xiaoyi;LUO Gai;ZHANG Pei;RAN Jianghong(Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)
出处
《兽类学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期431-440,共10页
Acta Theriologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31901192)。
关键词
鼠兔
放牧
种群动态
平均最近邻指数
空间分布型
Pika
Grazing
Population dynamics
Average nearest neighbor ratio
Spatial pattern
