摘要
目的分析南阳地区无偿献血人群梅毒感染状况,为献血招募和确保输血安全提供依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法)对2013~2020年456 981例无偿献血者的血液标本进行梅毒螺旋体抗体的初筛,初筛反应性标本采用梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集试验(TPPA法)确证,比较和分析不同人群梅毒感染状况。结果 456 981例标本中初筛呈反应性1 088例,经确证714例梅毒阳性(0.15%);献血者梅毒总阳性率、男性献血者梅毒阳性率及女性阳性率均呈逐年下降趋势;女性献血者阳性率0.192%(347/180 987)高于男性0.133%(367/275 994),初次献血阳性率0.189%(613/324 188)高于多次献血0.076%(101/132 793),全血阳性率0.163%(708/433 432)高于单采血小板0.025%(6/23 549),已婚献血者阳性率0.167%(668/399 899)高于未婚0.080%(46/57 082),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);初中及以下学历人群梅毒感染率高于其他人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);35~44岁年龄段献血者梅毒阳性率高于其他年龄段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同职业人群梅毒阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);714例梅毒阳性献血者中,单纯梅毒阳性者674例(674/714,94.40%),梅毒合并其他病毒感染者40例(40/714,5.60%)。结论 2013~2020年南阳地区无偿献血人群梅毒阳性率呈逐年下降趋势,感染人群主要为初次献血、已婚、捐献全血、低学历及农民/个体献血者,加强高危人群献血前征询及从低危人群中招募献血者,可减少/避免梅毒经输血途径传播,确保输血安全。
Objective To analyze the infection status of syphilis among voluntary blood donors in Nanyang area,aimed to provide references for the recruitment of blood donors and ensure blood safety.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbend test(ELISA method)was used to screen the blood samples of 456981 voluntary blood donors from 2013 to December 2020,and the reactive blood samples of TP antibody were confirmed by treponema pallidum particle agglutinaation(TPPA method),the syphilis infection status in different population was compared and analyzed.Results Among 456981 blood samples,1088 were reactive for anti-TP by ELISA method,and 714 were positive for syphilis(714/456981,0.15%);the total positive rate and positive rate of male and female in voluntary blood donors decreased year by year;female donors(347/180987,0.192%),first-time donors(613/324188,0.189%),whole blood donors(708/433432,0.163%)and married donors(668/399899,0.167%)had a significantly higher syphilis seroprevalence than male donors(367/275994,0.133%),repeated donors(101/132793,0.076%),apheresis platelet donors(6/23549,0.025%)and unmarried donors(46/57082,0.080%),respectively,and the differences between two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05);the positive rate in donors with junior high school and below was significantly higher than other groups;the positive rate in donors of 35~44 years old was higher than other age groups,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05);syphilis seroprevalence among different occupational groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);Among 714 donors,co-infection with other viruses were noted in 40 cases(40/714,5.60%),and only TP infection in 674 cases(674/714,94.40%).Conclusion The TP seroprevalence among voluntary blood donors in Nanyang area showed a downward trend from 2013 to 2020,the majority of TP seropositive population are first-time donors,married donors,whole blood donors,donors with lower academic qualifications,and farmers/individual donors.Strengthening the consultation towards high-risk blood donors before blood donation,and recruitment of blood donors from low-risk groups can reduce/avoid the transmission of syphilis through blood transfusion and ensure the safety of blood transfusion.
作者
靖春旭
赵菲
沈延平
张静
JING Chunxu;ZHAO Fei;SHEN Yanping;ZHANG Jing(Nanyang Blood Station,Nanyang 473000,China;Nanyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《中国输血杂志》
CAS
2021年第7期751-754,共4页
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
关键词
献血者
梅毒
感染
血液安全
防控策略
blood donors
syphilis
infection
blood safety
prevention and control strategy
