摘要
为探究陇中干旱区扁蓿豆种子生产的最佳种植方式,以期为该地扁蓿豆种子生产提供理论依据和实践指导,于2017-2019年在甘肃定西设置垄沟覆膜、地膜平覆、垄沟覆秸、平作覆秸、垄沟和平作(对照)研究了扁蓿豆种子产量及构成因素。结果表明,种植前3年扁蓿豆植株绝对高度、分枝数、主根长度、光合特性、荚果数、种子数、实际种子产量和表现种子产量皆表现为垄沟覆膜>地膜平覆>平作覆秸>垄沟覆秸>垄沟>平作处理;2017年植株绝对高度、分枝数、光合特性、实际种子产量在垄沟覆膜和地膜平覆处理下显著高于其他处理;2018-2019年植株绝对高度、分枝数和实际种子产量在垄沟覆膜、地膜平覆、平作覆秸和垄沟覆秸处理间差异均不显著。3年实际种子产量垄沟覆膜处理均表现最好,较平作处理分别提高110.4%、38.6%和20.4%,其次是地膜平覆和平作覆秸处理,较平作处理分别提高了94.6%、38.4%、15.5%和48.0%、37.1%、13.3%。考虑到种子产量、地膜成本、土壤污染以及耕作便捷程度等因素,平作覆秸处理适宜在陇中地区扁蓿豆种子生产中推广应用。
This research evaluated alternative cultivation methods for Medicago ruthenica seed production in arid regions,and the results provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for seed production practice in the study region. We set up experiments in Dingxi,Gansu Province,from 2017 to 2019 to study seed yield and its components in M. ruthenica. The experiment comprised 6 planting configurations,all in 30 cm rows:i)planted on flat ground without mulch(F0,Control),ii)planted on flat ground with a white 0. 008 mm thick plastic film mulch(FP),iii)planted on flat ground with 4500 kg·hm^(-2) straw mulch(FS);iv)planted in furrows between 10 cm-high rain harvesting ridges(R0),v)as for(iv)but with a plastic film mulch(RP)and vi)as for(iv)but with straw mulch(RS). It was found that the absolute height,branch number,taproot length,photosynthetic characteristics,pod number,seed number,harvested seed yield and seed yield of M. ruthenica over the 3 years ranked as follows:RP>FP>FS>RS>R0>Control. For RP and FP treatments in 2017,the absolute height,branch number,photosynthetic characteristics and harvested seed yield of plants were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Differences between the treatments RP and FP were not significant in 2018-2019,and the treatments FS and RS did not differ in absolute plant height,branch number and harvested seed yield of plants in 2018-2019.Over the 3 years,the harvested seed yield of treatment RP was highest,with increases of 110. 4%,38. 6% and20. 4%,respectively compared with the Control. After RP,the second highest performance was obtained in FP and FS treatments,with the FP treatment producing,respectively 94. 6%,38. 4% and 15. 5% more harvested seed than the Control in 2018-2019,and the FS treatment producing,respectively 48. 0%,37. 1%,13. 3% more than the Control in the three years. Considering a range of factors including yield,plastic film cost,soil pollution and the convenience of cultivation,it was concluded that the FS treatment should be recommended for M. ruthenica seed production in the Longzhong area.
作者
王玉霞
柴锦隆
周洋洋
徐长林
王琳
鱼小军
WANG Yu-xia;CHAI Jin-long;ZHOU Yang-yang;XU Chang-lin;WANG Lin;YU Xiao-jun(Grassland Science College of Gansu Agricultural University,Grassland Ecosystem Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education,Sino-U.S.Research Centers for Sustainable Grassland and Livestock Management,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期60-72,共13页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31760695)资助。
关键词
陇中干旱区
扁蓿豆
种植方式
秸秆覆盖
种子产量
Longzhong arid area
Medicago ruthenica
planting method
film straw to the ground
seed yield
