摘要
碳交易市场的建立有效推动了碳减排实践。然而,目前在污水处理行业中碳交易市场似乎仅有化学能(甲烷/CH_(4))可被圈定,对含量巨大的潜在污水余温热能还没有涵盖,这就导致污水热能至今在我国还未大面积、大规模被有效利用。实际上,如果以污水处理出水作为水源热泵交换热源,其产生的碳交易额不容小觑。以北京为例,处理规模为100×10^(4)m^(3)/d的污水处理厂出水热泵交换1~3次热量,每年可带来的碳额交易利润高达0.6~1.95亿元/a,且日后碳额交易价格还会逐年攀升。同时,在碳交易机制下,污水处理出水热能集中利用,特别是用于污泥低温干化可以凸显污水余温碳额潜能以及污泥焚烧发电所带来的额外碳交易额。因此,将污水热能列入政府"核证减排量(CERs)",使之进入碳交易市场便会一举两得,既能帮助污水处理厂间接(通过能量输出与能量交换)实现"碳中和"运行目标,还能帮助污水处理厂"扭亏为盈",使环境、经济、社会效益有效统一。
Establishing the carbon trading market has effectively promoted the practice of carbon emission reduction.However,only chemical/organic energy(methane/CH_(4))has been certificated in the sector of wastewater treatment,and a potential huge volume of thermal energy has not been involved.As a result,thermal energy has not yet been utilized widely in China.If the effluent from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)is applied as a thermal source of water source heat pump(WSHP)in practice,it may hold a remarkably high carbon trading volume.For a WWTP with the capacity of 100×10^(4)m^(3)/d in Beijing,the annual carbon trading profit could reach to as high as 60-195 million yuan/a,if the thermal energy may exchange for 1-3 times by WSHP.Moreover,the price of carbon trading will still continue to increase in the future.Besides,under the carbon trading principles,the centralized utilization of heat energy from WWTPs’effluent,especially for low-temperature drying of sludge,could also magnify the potential of carbon trading of thermal energy,leading to an extra volume of carbon trading due to the electricity generation of sludge incineration.In addition,if the thermal energy is listed as“Certified Emission Reductions(CERs)”by governments and permitted to enter the carbon trading market,this action would create a double win,which not only helps WWTPs realize indirect carbonneutral operation(via energy output and/or energy exchange)but also makes WWTPs“turn losses into gains”.Thus,at the same time,the environmental,economic and social benefits could be efficiently realized.
作者
郝晓地
饶志峰
李爽
李季
江瀚
HAO Xiao-di;RAO Zhi-feng;LI Shuang;LI Ji;JIANG Han(Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies,Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《中国给水排水》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期7-13,共7页
China Water & Wastewater
关键词
污水处理
化学能
余温热能
核证减排量
碳额交易
碳中和
wastewater treatment
chemical energy
thermal energy
certified emission reductions(CERs)
carbon trading volume
carbon neutral
