摘要
为研究山东半岛沿岸潮间带小型底栖动物的类群组成和分布格局,于2019年3-10月在山东半岛沿岸10个潮间带区域对小型底栖动物进行了定量调查。结果表明,小型底栖动物的平均丰度为524.96±443.72(ind.·10 cm^(-2)),平均生物量为398.48±308.37(μg·10 cm^(-2))。受人为影响较少的潮间带区域,包括位于海阳麻姑岛的M05区域、位于荣成天鹅湖的M07区域、位于庙岛群岛砣矶岛的M10区域,小型底栖动物丰度较高。中潮带的小型底栖动物丰度大于高潮带和低潮带。共鉴定出11个小型底栖动物类群,分别是自由生活海洋线虫、桡足类、甲壳类幼体、介形类、动吻类、双壳类、涟虫类、涡虫类、多毛类、缓步类和腹毛类。在丰度方面,海洋线虫丰度为473.90±421.68(ind.·10 cm^(-2)),占小型底栖动物丰度的90.27%,其次为桡足类,占6.42%。在生物量方面,海洋线虫的干重生物量最大,为189.56±168.67(μg·10 cm^(-2)),占小型底栖动物总生物量的47.57%,其次是多毛类,占28.87%。小型底栖生物的生物量与中值粒径呈现显著正相关。小型底栖动物群落受多种环境参量的综合影响,解释其变异度的最佳环境因子组合为间隙水温度、盐度和沉积物含水量。
In order to assess the taxa composition and distribution patterns of meiofauna in the intertidal zones of Shandong Peninsula,a quantitative survey of meiofauna in 10 intertidal zones along Shandong Peninsula was conducted from March to October 2019.The average values of abundance and biomass of meiofauna were 524.96±443.72(ind.·10 cm^(-2))and 398.48±308.37(μg·10 cm^(-2)),respectively.The sites less affected by human activities,including Sites M05(Magu Island of Haiyang).M07(Swan Lake of Rongcheng),and M10(Tuoji Island)had higher values of meiofaunal abundance.Compared with high and low tidal zones,mid-tidal zones supported higher meiofaunal abundance.A total of 11 meiofaunal taxa were found,including free-living marine nematodes,copepods,crustacean larva,ostracods,kinorhynchs,bivalves,cumaceans,turbellarians,polychaetes,tardigrades,and gastropods.The values of abundance and biomass of free-living marine nematodes were 473.90±421.68(ind.·10 cm^(-2))and 189.56±168.67(μg·10 cm^(-2)),respectively.Free-living marine nematodes were the most dominant group,accounting for 90.27%and 47.57%of the total abundance and biomass of meiofauna,respectively,followed by copepods and polychaetes.The sediment median grain size was correlated significantly with the meiofaunal biomass.The community structure of meiofauna were jointly affected by a variety of environmental parameters.The combination of interstitial water temperature,salinity and sediment water content was the best combination of environmental factors to explain the variance of meiofaunal community.
作者
赵美红
刘晓收
ZHAO Meihong;LIU Xiaoshou(School of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)
出处
《聊城大学学报（自然科学版）》
2021年第5期100-110,共11页
Journal of Liaocheng University:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41976131)
生态环境部“生物多样性调查、观测和评估”专项资助。
关键词
小型底栖动物
类群组成
分布格局
潮间带
山东半岛
meiofauna
taxa composition
distribution pattern
intertidal zone
Shandong Peninsula
