摘要
高血压脑出血起病较急,病情危险,多发于中老年人群,具有较高的致残、致死率,由于病情危险,逐渐成为临床上老年患者致残、致死性疾病。由于高血压脑出血发病突然,病情进展迅速,且疾病通常处于急性期。这种紧急情况常让临床医护人员抢救治疗时间有限。在高血压脑出血过程中,不仅是血管破裂出血会对患者大脑组织造成损伤,同时出血形成的血凝块也会对损伤部位周围的组织造成机械性压迫。因此,大多数患者预后不佳,致残率和死亡率较高。高血压脑出血患者30 d的死亡率高达40%,严重危害了中老年群体的身体健康。鉴于此,高血压脑出血治疗是一项非常重要工作,在手术治疗的同时,药物治疗同样重要。采用药物降压治疗控制血压,减少脑组织损伤,是降低死亡率的重要手段。为更全面了解降压药物治疗作用及降低30 d内死亡率的效果,本文主要针对降压药物治疗高血压脑出血的作用机制、效果分析和降低患者30 d死亡率等方面进行了综述,希望为临床高血压脑出血药物治疗提供参考。
The onset of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is acute and dangerous.It often occurs in middle-aged and elderly people,and has a high rate of disability and mortality.Due to the dangerous condition,it has gradually become one of the disability and fatal diseases of elderly patients.Due to the sudden onset of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,the disease progresses rapidly,and the disease is usually in the acute stage.This kind of emergency often makes the time of rescue treatment limited.In the process of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,not only the blood vessel rupture and hemorrhage will cause damage to the patient’s brain tissue,but also the blood clot formed by hemorrhage will cause mechanical compression to the tissue around the injured site.Therefore,the prognosis of most patients is poor,and the disability rate and mortality rate are very high.The 30 day mortality rate of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is as high as 40%,which seriously endangers the health of middleaged and elderly people.In view of this,the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is an important task,while both surgical treatment and drug treatment are vital.It is an important way to reduce mortality by controling blood pressure and reducing brain tissue damage with antihypertensive drugs.In order to more comprehensively understand the effect of antihypertensive drug therapy and the effect of reducing 30 day mortality,this paper reviewed the mechanism,effect analysis and reducing 30 day mortality of antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,hoping to provide reference for clinical drug treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.
作者
李玲
LI Ling(Department of Neurology,Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital,Tianjin 300140,China)
出处
《中国城乡企业卫生》
2021年第6期76-79,共4页
Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene
关键词
药物降压治疗
高血压脑出血
死亡率
Antihypertensive drug therapy
Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage
Mortality
