摘要
通过研究低压工作对不同类型滴头水力技术指标的影响,确定滴头在低压滴灌应用中的适用条件。采用室内测试并利用软件拟合相关曲线,分析了2种管径的8种滴灌管线的滴头在低压工作下的特性并与常压工作进行对比。在低压力工作状态下侧翼迷宫式滴头的变异系数随着压力的减少而增大,内镶贴片和内镶柱状滴头变化不明显;常压流态指数x>0.5的滴头,低压状态下流态指数变大,常压流态指数x<0.5的滴头,低压状态下流态指数变小;低压工作对管径12 mm滴灌管线的流量偏差影响大于管径16 mm,流态指数x<0.5的滴头,常压的压力流量公式计算低压情况下的流量偏差可以满足设计要求。利用常压滴头作为低压滴灌系统中的灌水器时,选择大管径、滴头流态指数小于0.5的滴灌管线,可以提高低压滴灌系统的均匀度,保证灌水质量要求。
In this study,by studying the influence of low-pressure operation on hydraulic technical indexes of different types of emitters,the suitable conditions of emitters in low-pressure drip irrigation were determined.The characteristics of emitters of 8 type drip-line with 2 diameters under low pressure were analyzed and compared with those under normal pressure by laboratory test and software fitting of correlation curves.The results showed that:under the low pressure operation condition,the variation coefficient of side wing labyrinth dripper increased with the decrease of pressure,but there was no obvious change in the inlaid emitter and columnar emitter.For the dripper with flow index x>0.5,the flow index increased under low pressure,and for the emitter with flow index x<0.5,the flow index decreased.The influence of low pressure on the flow deviation of drip-line with 12 mm diameter is greater than that with 16 mm diameter.For emitters with flow pattern index x<0.5,the flow deviation under low pressure can be calculated by the pressure flow formula under normal pressure to meet the design requirements.It can be concluded that when the emitter under normal pressure is used as the emitter in the low-pressure drip irrigation system,the selection of the drip-line with large pipe diameter and emitter flow index less than 0.5 can improve the uniformity of the low-pressure drip irrigation system and ensure the irrigation quality requirements.
作者
郑国玉
马军勇
何帅
周建伟
李彦
刘湘岩
ZHENG Guo-yu;MA Jun-yong;HE Shuai;ZHOU Jian-wei;LI Yan;LIU Xiang-yan(Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science,Shihezi Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China;College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Huli Irrigation Technology Co.Ltd,Shihezi 832011,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2021年第8期74-77,共4页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504302)。
关键词
低压滴灌
滴头
灌水器
低压
常压
水力性能
流态指数
流量偏差
low pressure drip system
dripper
emitter
low pressure
normal pressure
hydraulic performance
flow index
flow deviation
