摘要
大型采矿工程建设在造成地表景观破坏的同时产生了大量的人工创面(边坡),植被恢复作为矿山废弃地边坡生态恢复的基础,其技术要点是在恢复区内构建出适合先锋植物生长的生境,为植物提供良好的基质条件和立地环境。生境构筑技术将直接关系到植物成活和整个边坡植被恢复工程的质量及效果。按照重构生境的不同,将矿山废弃地边坡植被恢复技术分为混合喷播型、挂网铺设型、格构填土型、预制穴槽型四大类,并针对边坡立地条件和地质构造特点等提出了相应的边坡植被恢复技术组合模式。将该模式用于寒区黑龙江省多宝山铜矿矿山排土场边坡植被恢复工程,经恢复区工程实践检验,所探索的模式可为矿山废弃地边坡植被恢复工程提供一定的技术借鉴。
The construction of large-scale mining engineering not only destroys the surface landscape,but also produces a large number of artificial wounds(slope).Vegetation restoration is the basis of ecological restoration of mine wasteland slope.Its key technology is to build a habitat suitable for pioneer vegetation growth in the restoration area and provide good substrate conditions and site environment for plants.The technology of habitat building will be directly related to the survival of plants and the restoration quality and effect of the whole slope vegetation restoration project.According to different reconstructed habitats,the paper divided the vegetation restoration technology of mine wasteland slope into four categories of mixed spraying type,hanging net laying type,earth-fiuing in lattice configuration type and hole and groove construction type and put forward the corresponding combination model of slope vegetation restoration technology according to the site conditions and geological structure characteristics of the slope.The model was applied to the dump slope vegetation restoration project of Duobaoshan copper mine in cold region of Heilongjiang province.It has been tested by the engineering practice in the recovery area that the explored model can provide a certain technical reference for the slope vegetation restoration project of mine wasteland.
作者
高赛
孙飞
刘海龙
李红娜
唐玉情
张捷
GAO Sai;SUN Fei;LIU Hailong(College of Landscape Architecture of Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China;Heilongjiang Duobaoshan Copper Co.,Ltd.,Heihe,Heilongjiang 164300,China)
出处
《中国水土保持》
2021年第9期38-42,I0007,共6页
Soil and Water Conservation in China
基金
黑龙江多宝山铜业矿山生态恢复植物筛选及配置研究(03/043218001)。
关键词
矿山废弃地
边坡植被恢复
生境构筑
技术组合
寒区
mining wasteland
slope vegetation restoration
habitat building
technologies combination
cold area
