摘要
为探究典型工业城市大气PM_(2.5)载带重金属的季节分布、来源及健康风险,于2019~2020年分季节采集PM_(2.5)有效样品112个,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了19种元素含量.结果表明,PM_(2.5)及其载带重金属元素的年均浓度分别为(66.25±35.73)μg·m^(-3)和(1.32±0.84)μg·m^(-3).PM_(2.5)及其元素组分夏季浓度最低,Al、Ca、Fe、Mg和Ti等元素春季浓度最高,其它元素则是冬季浓度最高.利用PMF-PSCF模型共解析出5类排放源,分别为Ni和Co相关排放源(5.8%)、机动车源(13.7%)、Cd相关排放源(5.1%)、燃烧源(18.2%)和扬尘源(57.3%).风险评价结果表明,每一类排放源的危害指数(HI)值均小于1,不存在明显的非致癌风险;致癌风险均处于10^(-6)~10^(-4)范围内,具有一定的致癌风险.与其它排放源相比,燃烧源的致癌风险(8.74×10^(-6),36.9%)和非致癌风险(0.60,25.6%)最大,建议优先对燃烧源进行治理以降低区域人群暴露风险.
This study analyzed the seasonal variation,sources,and source-specific health risks of PM_(2.5)-bound metals in Xinxiang city,Henan province. A total of 112 daily PM_(2.5) samples were collected over four consecutive seasons during 2019-2020. In total,19 elements were identified using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy( ICP-AES). The annual concentrations of PM_(2.5) and 11 heavy metals were calculated to be( 66. 25 ± 35. 73) μg·m^(-3) and( 1. 32 ± 0. 84) μg·m^(-3),respectively. Strong seasonal variations were observed in PM_(2.5) concentrations and the concentrations of associated metal elements,with the lowest concentrations all occurring in summer. The highest concentrations of dust-related elements( e. g.,Al,Ca,Fe,Mg,and Ti) were recorded in spring,differing significantly from other elements,which all exhibited the highest mass concentrations in winter. The results apportioned from positive matrix factorization( PMF) and potential source contribution function( PSCF) models showed that the major sources of PM_(2.5)-bound elements were Ni-and Co-related emissions( 5. 8%),motor vehicles( 13. 7%),Cd-related emissions( 5. 1%),combustion emissions( 18. 2%),and dust( 57. 3%). Health risk models showed that there were no obvious noncarcinogenic risks associated with these metals,because their hazard quotient( HQ) values were all below 1. Lifetime carcinogenic risks of the five apportioned sources were all higher than the acceptable level( 1 × 10^(-6)). Of these five sources,combustion emissions were the largest contributors to cancer risk( 8. 74 × 10^(-6),36. 9%) and non-cancer risk( 0. 60,25. 6%). This study suggests that control strategies to mitigate exposure risk in Xinxiang should emphasize reducing the sources of combustion emissions.
作者
刘桓嘉
贾梦珂
刘永丽
赵艺洁
郑爱华
刘恒志
徐肃阳
肖晴晴
苏晓燕
任言
LIU Huan-jia;JIA Meng-ke;LIU Yong-li;ZHAO Yi-jie;ZHENG Ai-hua;LIU Heng-zhi;XU Su-yang;XIAO Qing-qing;SU Xiao-yan;REN Yan(Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control,Ministry of Education,Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control,School of Environment,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China;Analysis and Testing Center,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期4140-4150,共11页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42007204)
河南科技智库调研课题项目(HNKJZK-2020-33C)
河南省高等学校重点科研项目(20A610007)
河南师范大学博士科研启动经费支持项目(5101219170138)。
