摘要
[目的]从分子水平上揭示青海省同德牦牛的母系遗传多样性、群体遗传结构和遗传背景。[方法]本研究采用PCR方法和扩增产物双向测序技术,对60头(32♂,28♀)同德牦牛mtDNA D-loop区序列进行了测定。经人工核实校对序列后,使用BioEdit、DnaSP、Arlequin和Network等生物信息学软件综合分析其母系遗传多样性、群体遗传结构及系统发育关系。[结果]同德牦牛mtDNA D-loop区序列长度在890-894 bp之间,排除12处插入/缺失后共检测到59处多态位点,其中单一多态位点有17处,简约信息位点42处;根据序列间核苷酸变异共确定了31种单倍型,其中H8为优势单倍型,单倍型多样度为0.935±0.023,核苷酸多样度为0.012±0.006。与青海其他牦牛品种(群体)(如高原、环湖、大通牦牛等)相比,同德牦牛单倍型多样度较高,表明其具有较为丰富的母系遗传多样性。使用MJ法(Median-Joining)构建的网络关系图显示:同德牦牛31种单倍型分布在A、B、C、D和E 5种单倍型组中,且其可分为2大母系支系,表明同德牦牛拥有2个母系起源。[结论]同德牦牛群体具有较丰富的母系遗传多样性,由分布于2个母系遗传分支的5个单倍型组(即A、B、C、D和E)个体组成,具有2个母系起源。
[Objective]To reveal the maternal genetic diversity,population genetic structure and genetic background of Tongde yak population in Qinghai Province at molecular level,the mtDNA D-loop regions of 60(32♂,28♀)Tongde yaks were sequenced and checked manually.[Method]The genetic diversity,population genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship of Tongde yaks were analyzed by BioEdit,DnaSP,Arlequin and Network software.[Results]The length of mtDNA D-loop region of Tongde yaks was 890-894 bp.After excluding 12 InDel sites,59 polymorphic sites were detected,including 17 single polymorphic sites and 42 parsimony information sites.31 haplotypes were identified according to the nucleotide variations among sequences,in which H8 was the dominant haplotype.The haplotype diversity was 0.935±0.023 and the nucleotide diversity was 0.012±0.006.Compared with other yak breeds(populations)(e.g.Plateau,Huanhu and Datong yak breeds etc.)in Qinghai Province,the haplotype diversity of Tongde yak population was relatively higher,indicating that it had rich maternal genetic diversity.The network diagram constructed by MJ method showed that 31 haplotypes of Tongde yaks were distributed in A,B,C,D and E haplogroups.These haplotypes/haplogroups could be divided into two lineages,which indicated that Tongde yaks had two maternal origins.[Conclusion]Tongde yak population owned rich maternal genetic diversity,which is composed of five haplogroup(A,B,C,D and E)individuals distributed in two genetic lineages with two maternal origins.
作者
李广祯
马志杰
赵学军
陈生梅
刘书杰
林元
李文浩
LI Guang-zhen;MA Zhi-jie;ZHAO Xue-jun;CHEN Sheng-mei;LIU Shu-jie;LIN Yuan;LI Wen-hao(Key Laboratory of Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization, Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016;Agriculture, animal husbandry and Water Conservancy Bureau of Tongde County in Qinghai Province, Tongde, Qinghai 813200)
出处
《中国牛业科学》
2021年第3期17-21,共5页
China Cattle Science
基金
中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划(“西部青年学者”)项目(3-1)
国家自然科学基金项目(31960656)。
