摘要
外泌体又被称为胞外体,含有多种细胞膜分子以及相关蛋白,是细胞间传递信息的重要信使,可携带功能性RNA、蛋白质和脂质至受体细胞,诱导受体细胞表型发生变化,促进其活化或抑制效应产生。近年来,一些研究表明外泌体在病毒感染后既能发挥免疫激活作用,促进机体产生抗病毒免疫应答;同时又能帮助病毒在细胞间传播、扩散,产生免疫逃逸。它的双重作用直接决定于其感染病原体及来源细胞特征,可作为后期药物及疫苗研发的重要靶点。本文将综述外泌体在不同病毒感染后的表现机制及其在疾病发生中扮演的角色。
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles containing a variety of cell membrane molecules and related protein.They have been found to act as important intercellular messengers carrying functional RNAs,proteins and lipids that can induce phenotypic changes in recipient cells and promote cell activation or inhibition effect.In recent years,some studies have shown that exosomes can not only play an immune activation role to trigger antiviral immune response after viral infection,but also help to spread virus among cells,thus contributing to viral immune escape.Exosomes can either spread or limit an infection depending on the type of pathogen and the features of source cells,and can be studied as potential targets for development of antiviral drugs and vaccines.This review summarized the role of exosomes in viral infections with an emphasis on their potential contribution to pathogenesis.
作者
周远涛
贺晓丽
张玉
陶律延
刘晓宁
刘海沣
李莉
Zhou Yuantao;He Xiaoli;Zhang Yu;Tao Lyuyan;Liu Xiaoning;Liu Haifeng;Li Li(Institution of Pediatrics Research,Kunming Children′s Hospital,Kunming 650228,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children′s Major Disease Research,Kunming Children′s Hospital,Kunming 650228,China;Department of Pharmacy,Kunming Children′s Hospital,Kunming 650228,China)
出处
《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期731-735,共5页
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
基金
国家自然科学基金(81960294,81560262)
云南省基础研究面上项目(202101AT070231)
昆明市卫生科技人才培养项目暨"十百千"工程培养计划(2020-培养类别-11)
昆明市医疗卫生单位内设研究机构(2018-SW(研)-5)
昆明市科技计划(2019-1-S-25318000001078,2019-1-S-25318000001273)。
关键词
外泌体
病毒感染
免疫激活
免疫逃逸
Exosomes
Viral infection
Immune activation
Immune escape
