摘要
白酒生产过程中伴随高氮废水的产生,其中包含氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、硝氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)和亚硝氮(NO_(2)^(-)-N),企业基于现有的曝气等工艺可以去除NH_(4)^(+)-N,但却难以有效去除NO_(2)^(-)-N和NO_(2)^(-)-N,导致总氮(TN)含量无法达到新标准(TN<20 mg/L),因此高效去除废水中的NO_(3)^(-)-N和NO_(2)^(-)-N成为当下的研究热点.采用上流式厌氧污泥床(up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket,UASB)生物反应器驯养活性污泥,形成稳定的微生物群系;筛选得到最佳碳源,构建了生物厌氧反硝化脱氮体系,并通过三代全长16S rRNA测序分析了体系的细菌群落结构.结果显示,在甲醇、乙酸钠、丁二酸钠、葡萄糖、酒厂原水、柠檬酸钠和MicroC多种碳源中,MicroC效果最佳,在处理高硝氮废水(NO_(3)^(-)-N=531 mg/L)时,添加量为C/N=1.0,出水的NO_(3)^(-)-N含量小于1 mg/L,NO_(3)^(-)-N去除率达98%,COD去除率超过90%.该体系中,反硝化前期斯氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas stutzeri)和硫杆菌(Thioclava sp.)是优势种,还原大量的NO_(3)^(-)-N,而细菌多样性较低;反硝化后期微嗜酸寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila)变成优势种,还原残留的NO_(3)^(-)-N.本研究表明以MicroC为碳源的厌氧反硝化体系可实现酒厂高硝氮废水低成本且高效率的脱氮处理,物种Pseudomonas stutzeri发挥主要的反硝化作用,结果对反硝化工程有重要的指导意义.
The total nitrogen content(TN)of winery wastewater must be less than 20 mg/L before discharge.The TN of this type of wastewater is composed of NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(3)^(-)-N,and NO_(2)^(-)-N.Based on existing techniques,such as aeration treatment,NH_(4)^(+)-N can be removed easily,but NO_(3)^(-)-N and NO_(2)^(-)-N are difficult to treat with ordinary methods,leading to the content of total nitrogen not meeting the standards.Therefore,the efficient removal of nitrate from wastewater has become a focus of technical research.In this study,anaerobic biological denitrification technology was used to remove nitrate from wastewater.First,the denitrifying microbial community was established by activated sludge domestication and enrichment in a self-designed up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB)reactor.The different carbon sources promoting the efficiency of denitrification were screened and quantified.Finally,the bacterial diversity of the system was analyzed using third-generation sequencing technology.The results showed that MicroC was the best for denitrification among the different carbon sources,such as methanol,sodium acetate,sodium succinate,glucose,winery raw water,sodium citrate,and MicroC.The actual target wastewater from the winery(TN=531 mg/L)was treated using the method described in this study;the NO_(3)^(-)-N content of the effluent was less than 1 mg/L,the removal rate reached 98%,and the COD removal rate exceeded 90%when MicroC was used as the carbon source and the C/N ratio=1.0.Sequencing results showed that the microbial community structure changed as the denitrification progressed.In the early stage of denitrification,Pseudomonas stutzeri and Thioclava sp.were the dominant species to reduce a large amount of nitrate,and the diversity of bacteria was relatively low.In the later period,Stenotrophomonas acidophila became the dominant species to reduce residual nitrate.These results demonstrate that the anaerobic denitrification system that uses MicroC as the carbon source can facilitate low-cost and high-efficiency biological treatment of high-nitrate wastewater from wineries,and Pseudomonas stutzeri played a major role in this system.
作者
李晶晶
谭力
方扬
靳艳玲
易卓林
杜安平
何开泽
赵海
LI Jingjing;TAN Li;FANG Yang;JIN Yanling;YI Zhuolin;DU Anping;HE Kaize;ZHAO Hai(Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Key Laboratory of Chinese Light Industry Strong Flavor Liquor Solid State Fermentation,Yibin 644000,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期1039-1046,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
四川省科技计划项目(2017HH0077)
中国轻工业浓香型白酒固态发酵重点实验室开放基金项目(2019ZD009)资助。
关键词
高硝氮废水
碳源
MicroC
厌氧反硝化
细菌群落结构
high-nitrate wastewater
carbon source
MicroC
anaerobic denitrification
bacterial community structure
