摘要
该文利用FNL再分析资料(水平分辨率1°×1°)、常规的地面观测资料、中国国家卫星中心提供的TBB资料、贵阳雷达站提供的雷达资料,针对安顺市2020年5月31日出现的飑线天气过程,进行了环流背景、物理量、数值预报检验以及雷达回波、卫星云图特征等分析。结果表明:此次强对流天气过程是由地面辐合线、高空槽、中低层的低涡切变线和低空急流共同影响造成的;不稳定层结、大的垂直风切变、适当的0℃层和-20℃层高度为当日的飑线过程提供了有利的不稳定层结条件。贵州省上空出现了大范围的高温高湿区,大值区位于贵州省的中部以南地区,并在该区域存在明显的Ω型能量锋区和湿舌,为此次贵州飑线的触发和发展提供了很好的能量条件。此次飑线过程中,普定和安顺城区雷达回波图上均出现了高反射率因子和速度大值区,飑线中的普通单体在安顺城区发展为超级单体。卫星云图上贵州省中部出现了带状云系,强对流天气发生在对流云团边缘TBB的梯度大值区。从GRAPES-3 km逐小时的预报场与实况对比来看,对此次飑线过程的位置和强度预报都很好,说明该产品对短时预报和监测都有很好的指示意义。
By using the NCEP reanalysis data,conventional ground observation data,TBB data provided by China National Satellite Center and radar data from Guiyang radar station,the process of a squall line in Anshun city on May 31,2020 was analyzed from factors such as the circulation background,the physical quantity,numerical forecast test and characteristics of radar echo and satellite image.The results show that this severe convection process was caused by surface convergence line,high-level trough,vortex shear line and jet stream in the middle and lower troposphere and benefits from the unstable stratification,large vertical wind shear,the appropriate 0℃and-20℃layer height.The large-scale hot and humid environment in Guizhou particularly in central and southern region,Ω-type energy frontal zone and wet tongue provided favorable energy condition for the triggering and development of squall line.During the formation of squall line,the strong reflectivity factor and high speed region appeared on the radar echo maps of Puding and Anshun.The ordinary cell storm appeared in squall line developed into supercell storm when it moved to urban area of Anshun city.The banded cloud appeared in the sky above central Guizhou.The severe convection weather happened in the high gradient value of TBB near the edge of convective cloud clusters.The estimation of the location and intensity of the squall line in GRAPES-3 km hourly forecast model was basically consistent with observation which means GRAPES-3 km model was of great significance to the prediction of short-time forecasting and monitoring.
作者
王兴菊
周文钰
蒙军
曾妮
王芬
李启芬
WANG Xingju;ZHOU Wenyu;MENG Jun;ZENG Ni;WANG Fen;LI Qifen(Anshun Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province,Anshun 561000,China;Guizhou Meteorological Observatory,Guiyang 550002,China;Qianxinan Prefecture Meteorological Bureau,Xingyi 562400,China)
出处
《中低纬山地气象》
2021年第5期11-18,共8页
Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology
基金
贵州省气象局重要业务科研项目(黔气标合ZY[2020]04号):FAST关键区域人工防雹作业指标研究。
关键词
飑线
冰雹
大风
切变线
squall line
hail
gale
shear line
