摘要
针对山药收获中存在劳动强度大、破损率高、收获效率低等问题,基于山药收获农艺特点和土壤失效破坏准则,设计一种悬挂式山药收获机。整机安装于拖拉机后悬挂机构,主要由悬挂装置、开沟破土装置、排土回填装置和振动碎土装置等组成,可同时实现山药收获过程中破土开沟、提升排土、土壤回填及山药块茎与土壤分离等功能。在分析整机工作原理基础上,设计并确定关键部件结构参数,通过土壤最大效率破碎及格栅式挖掘振动铲的运动分析,确定机具行进速度、曲柄轴转速、振动铲倾角等主要影响因素及其量值,并开展系列田间收获试验。求得最大收获完好率最优参数组合为:曲柄轴转速306.18 r·min^(-1)、机具行进速度137.85 m·h^(-1)及振动铲倾角-6.18°。
Aiming at the problems of high labor intensity,high damage rate and low harvesting efficiency in the process of yam harvesting,a kind of hanging yam harvester was designed based on the agronomic characteristics of yam harvesting and soil failure criteria.The whole machine is installed on the rear linkage of the tractor.The machine is mainly composed of suspension device,trenching and soil breaking device,soil discharging and backfilling device,vibrating soil breaking device,etc.It could simultaneously realize the functions of soil breaking and trenching,lifting and soil discharging,soil backfilling and separation of yam tubers from soil during yam harvestperiod.Based on the analysis of the working principle of the whole machine,the structural design and parameter determination of the key components were carried out.Through the analysis of the maximum efficiency of soil crushing and the movement of the grid excavation vibrating shovel,the main influencing factors and their values,such as the travel speed of machines and tools,the crank shaft speed and the inclination angle of the vibrating shovel were determined,and a series of field harvest experiments were carried out.The optimal parameter combination of the maximum harvest intact rate was obtained as the followings:crank shaft speed was 306.18 r·min^(-1),machine travel speed was 137.85 m·h^(-1) and vibratory shovel inclination was-6.18°.
作者
赵国栋
李维华
杨发展
杨云鹏
卞东超
郑凯瑞
ZHAO Guodong;LI Weihua;YANG Fazhan;YANG Yunpeng;BIAN Dongchao;ZHENG Kairui(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266520,China;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences,Jinan 250100,China)
出处
《东北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期55-65,共11页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University
基金
山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(2018YF014)
山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(2018-016)。
关键词
山药收获机
设计
开沟链
振动碎土
田间试验
yam harvester
design
ditching chain
vibration crushed soil
field experiment
