摘要
《电子商务法》第38条第2款关于电子商务平台经营者安全保障义务的特别规范,对应于《消费者权益保护法》第18条第2款,以及《侵权责任法》第37条(现《民法典》第1198条)第1款和第2款的一般规范,是现行法将安全保障义务的适用范围扩张到网络交易领域的重要制度革新。电子商务平台经营者的安全保障义务在范围上仅限于保障消费者的生命健康安全,故其保障义务在标准上要高于由《电子商务法》第38条第1款“应当知道”之规定所推演出的一般性的监控检查义务。尽管《电子商务法》第38条第2款在规范构造上存在种种特殊性,但这并不妨碍将该款中的“依法承担相应的责任”理解为:原则上,在直接违反安全保障义务的情形下,依据《民法典》第1198条第1款承担责任;在有第三人(包括平台内经营者或者平台外第三人)介入的情形下,依据该条第2款承担相应的补充责任。
As the special norms of e-commerce platform operator’s obligation of protection corresponding to the general norms stipulated by Article 18(2)of the Law on the Protection of the Consumer Rights and Interests and Article 37(1)(2)of the Tort law(Article 1198 of the Civil Code),Article 38(2)of the E-commerce Law is a significant institution reformation that current law extends the scope of the obligation of protection to the field of network transactions.E-commerce platform operator’s obligation of protection is only limited to maintaining the safety of the life and health of consumers in scope,therefore the standard of the maintaining duty is higher than the general monitoring and inspection duty deduced by the“should know”in Article 38(1)of the E-commerce Law.Although there are various particularities in the normative construction of Article 38(2)of the E-commerce Law,the norm can be interpreted as follows:in principle,in the case of direct violation of the obligation of protection,it shall be liable in accordance with Article 1198,co.1 of the Civil Code;whereas in the case of the intervention of a third party(including the operator inside the platform or the third party outside the platform),it shall bear the supplementary liability in accordance with Article 1198,co.2 of the Civil Code.
作者
陆青
Lu Qing(Guanghua Law School,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310008)
出处
《浙江社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第11期70-79,158,共11页
Zhejiang Social Sciences
基金
浙江省社科规划项目“数字身份的法律规范体系研究”(21NDJC031YB)的阶段性成果。
关键词
电子商务
平台经营者
安全保障义务
补充责任
e-commerce
platform operator
obligation of protection
supplementary liability
