摘要
含水原油管道的CO_(2)腐蚀现象严重,揭示管道腐蚀机理、预测腐蚀速率对于腐蚀防护具有重要意义。在腐蚀机理的基础上建立的CO_(2)腐蚀速率预测机理模型,其物理意义明确、适用范围广。从化学平衡反应、腐蚀产物膜生成、腐蚀电化学反应、扩散传质运输4个腐蚀速率预测相关的方面综述了中外管线钢CO_(2)腐蚀机理模型的研究进展。建议明确溶液中碳酸盐对钢管内壁阳极溶解反应动力学和作用机理的影响;分析不同工况条件下钢表面生成的CO_(2)腐蚀产物膜化学组成、结构致密度、电化学性质、力学性质以及离子通过多孔膜的扩散系数;开发复杂酸性介质腐蚀环境下的实验,明确H2S/Cl-/CO_(2)协同腐蚀机理,建立多因素腐蚀预测数理模型;从多场耦合的角度研究不同流态变换下原油润湿性、油水比等影响因素对油水接触面腐蚀特性、介质物理化学参数的作用影响,为含水原油管道CO_(2)腐蚀的防治和预测提供理论与技术支撑。
The CO_(2) corrosion of water-containing oil pipelines is serious.It is of great significance to reveal the corrosion mechanism and predict the corrosion rate for corrosion prediction and protection.Based on the corrosion mechanism,the prediction mechanism model of CO_(2) corrosion rate is established,which has clear physical meaning and wide application range.The research progress of CO_(2) corrosion mechanism model of pipeline steel at home and abroad was reviewed from four aspects related to corrosion rate prediction,chemical equilibrium reaction,corrosion film formation,corrosion electrochemical reaction and transport processes.It is suggested that the effect of carbonate in solution on the kinetics and mechanism of anodic dissolution reaction of inner wall of steel pipe was clarified.The composition,structure,electrochemical properties,mechanical properties and diffusion coefficient of ions through the porous film of CO_(2) corrosion film formed on the metal surface under different working conditions were analyzed.The experiments in complex acid medium corrosion environment were developped.the synergistic corrosion mechanism of H2S/Cl-/CO_(2) was clarified,and the mathematical model of multi-factor corrosion prediction was established.The effects of wettability of crude oil and oil-water ratio on corrosion characteristics of oil water interface and physical and chemical parameters of the medium from the perspective of multi-field coupling were studied,so as to provide theoretical and technical support for the prevention and prediction of CO_(2) corrosion in water-containing oil pipelines.
作者
李长俊
徐倩
贾文龙
安超
李先明
LI Chang-jun;XU Qian;JIA Wen-long;AN Chao;LI Xian-ming(Petroleum Engineering School, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2021年第32期13628-13637,共10页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51974269,51674213)。
