摘要
当前的司法鉴定活动在委托环节存在信息鸿沟、暗箱操作等弊端,在实施环节存在鉴定方法普遍落后、职业素养参差不齐等问题,在质证环节存在鉴定人出庭率偏低、有效质证偏少等困境。运用大数据方法与理念,构建包括委托受理平台、实施活动平台、质证辅助平台在内的大数据司法鉴定平台,能够很好地解决当前司法鉴定活动中存在的问题。然而,大数据司法鉴定平台构建的具体过程中,存在担责主体模糊、数据算法黑箱效应影响、鉴定数据缺乏等潜在风险。对于这些风险的未来应对,可相应地从司法鉴定归责主体的明确、算法审查机制的构建与司法鉴定数据库的配置等方面展开。同时,围绕大数据司法鉴定结论的证据种类、证据能力和证明力展开对其证据制度体系定位的具体阐述。
At present,the judicial appraisal activities,in the entrustment link,there are information gap,dark-box operation,rocker problem and other disadvantages,in the implementation link,there are generally backward identification methods,differences in knowledge level,uneven professional literacy and other current situation,in the quality of the identification link there is a low rate of identification,effective quality of evidence and other difficulties.The concern of the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using big data methods and concepts to build a big data forensics platform,including commissioned acceptance platform,implementation activity platform,and cross-examination auxiliary platform.However,in the concrete process of the construction of big data forensic platform,there are potential risks such as fuzzy subject,black box of data algorithm and lack of authentication data.For the future response of these risks,it can be carried out accordingly from the clarity of the subject of judicial identification,the construction of algorithm review mechanism,the configuration of judicial identification database and so on.Meanwhile,the paper elaborates the system of evidence system around the types,capabilities and strength of evidence of the conclusion of big data judicial identification.At the same time,this paper elaborates the positioning of the evidence system of the big data forensic conclusion by focusing on the types of evidence,qualifications of evidence and probative force of evidence.
出处
《法学杂志》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第9期155-169,共15页
Law Science Magazine
基金
中国人民公安大学2021年度基本科研业务费新任教师项目“大数据司法鉴定的体系定位与风险应对”(项目编号:2021JKF411)
重庆市新型犯罪研究中心2021年度项目“刑事合规的中国路径”(项目编号:21XXFZ11)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
大数据
司法鉴定
算法自动决策
透明性
big data
forensics
decision-making algorithms
transparency
