摘要
鉴于巷道锚杆支护服役状态安全监测的需求,考虑回采巷道恶劣环境条件和锚杆埋入煤岩后不可见的局限性,基于FBG传感器技术自主研制了锚杆FBG应力传感器。通过实验室标定和现场试验,实现了对回采巷道服役锚杆杆体应力准分布高精度的连续动态监测,从而基于技术手段实现了锚杆支护状态的安全监测。在浅埋薄基岩煤层回采巷道,应用锚杆FBG应力传感器,随工作面推进,监测了周期来压过程中服役锚杆杆体的应力变化。通过对监测数据进行统计分析,综合考虑锚杆布置位置与推进工作面之间的空间联系,揭示了回采巷道服役锚杆安全状态及演化规律。由监测数据发现,顶板、巷帮、顶角顶板、顶角巷帮及底角巷帮锚杆安全状态各不相同,且存在深浅部位锚杆安全状态不同的情况。锚杆杆体的轴力变化值表现为顶板锚杆增加,巷帮锚杆减小,顶角顶板和顶角巷帮锚杆的浅部减小、深部增加,底角巷帮锚杆中间增加、两端减小。对监测结果综合评判表明,回采过程中一旦满足条件,巷帮锚杆会最先破坏而引发安全事故,顶板锚杆最为安全,顶角顶板、顶角巷帮及底角巷帮锚杆相对安全。
The given paper is to deal with the health monitoring of the roadway bolt support.As is known,the roadway bolt support is critical for the safety both for the mining activity and the underground miners due to the harsh environmental and operational conditions over there.However,it would be not available to take direct monitoring maneuver due to the bolts buried inside or in between the coal rocks.It is just for this end that a bolt FBG stress sensing system has to be taken based on the FBG sensor technology developed in the given study.And,according to our study,the system can offer quasi-distributed and high-precision continuous dynamic monitoring conditions of the service bolt body stress,which can be calibrated in the laboratory setting and verified in the field test.And,therefore,it can provide for a novelty way for the safety monitoring of the bolt support status-insitu based on the technical means in the mining roadway.To be exact,the bolt FBG stress sensor can be placed in the shallow and thin coal seam bedrock along the mining roadway.The stress change of the service bolt body can be monitored during the periodical compression process with the advancing of the working faces.And,then,the spatial relationship should be taken into account between the bolt placement position and the working face under progress along with the statistical analysis under way.At the same time,the safety status and the evolutionary law of the bolts can be revealed during the service in the mining roadway.Thus,the monitoring data can indicate that the safety status of the bolts tends to vary spatially from the roof to the roadway side,with the roof of the top corner,the roadway side of the top corner,as well as the roadway side of the bottom corner.Besides,there also exist situations wherein the safety status of the bolts can be different in their deep and shallow sections,which can be shown as follows:with the increase of the roof bolt,the roadway side bolt tends to get decreased whereas the middle part increases and the end part decreases for the bolt of the roadway side at the bottom corner due to the increase of the bolt of the roof and the roadway side at the top corner.And,in turn,if the roadway side bolt may turn to get destroyed first and fail to lead to a safety accident to meet the conditions during the mining process.And,so,if the roof bolt is the safest,the other bolts may turn to get relatively safe,too.
作者
董建军
谢郑权
杨嫡
郑高阳
DONG Jian-jun;XIE Zheng-quan;YANG Di;ZHENG Gao-yang(College of Safety Science&Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Huludao 125105,Liaoning,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期2013-2021,共9页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51479023)
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(201602349)。
关键词
安全工程
巷道
锚杆支护
FBG传感器
安全监测
safety engineering
roadway
bolt support
fiber Bragg grating sensor
safety monitoring
