摘要
卢曼的风险理论作为对风险本质论与风险建构论的综合,一方面将风险界定为系统在当下选择所开启的未来不确定性,另一方面运用"二阶观察"法分析了社会建构风险的机制,成为风险研究的重要学说。不过,卢曼的风险理论虽然有其贡献,但也存在局限性:一方面卢曼对风险的研究其实是其系统理论在风险领域的一次套用分析,以证明系统理论对各个社会领域具有普遍的适用性;另一方面卢曼的风险理论也是对西德当时发生的一系列环保运动的反应,他关于风险/危险概念的区分目的就是为了揭示潜藏在这些社会运动背后的资本、权力逻辑。这使得卢曼的风险理论带有浓厚的现实色彩。
Niklas Luhmann’s sociological theory of risk,as a combination of the essentialism and the constructionism,defines risk as a future uncertainty initiated by the current system’s selections on the one hand,and utilizes the"second-order observation"method to analyze how risk is socially constructed on the other hand.His theory has become one of the most important literature of risk studies.Although Luhmann’s risk theory has its contributions,it also has limitations.For one thing,Luhmann’s study of risk is actually an application of his system theory to the field of risk,in order to demonstrate its general applicability to various social fields.For another,his theory was also a response to a series of environmental movements that were taking place in Germany at the time so his clarification of the concept"risk"aims to reveal the logic of capital and power behind these social movements.These make Luhmann’s risk theory strongly practical.Therefore this paper,while explaining the composition and fundamental problems of Luhmann’s risk theory,also tries to suggest a possible starting point for reconstructing the theory based on the contemporary situation in China.
作者
郑作彧
吴晓光
CHENG Tsuo-yu;WU Xiao-guang
出处
《吉林大学社会科学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期83-94,232,共13页
Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition
