摘要
2018—2019年在徐州市铜山区房村镇,于美国白蛾各代蛹期释放白蛾周氏啮小蜂开展生物防治示范,系统调查了释放天敌不同种类、不同释放量和美国白蛾不同世代的防治效果。结果表明,利用白蛾周氏啮小蜂与白蛾黑基啮小蜂2种天敌混合释放,对美国白蛾第2代蛹的寄生率和天敌总寄生率分别为49.10%和54.12%,均显著高于释放1种天敌(白蛾周氏啮小蜂),表明释放2种天敌可显著提高寄生效果。释放45枚/hm^(2)柞蚕蛹所繁出的白蛾周氏啮小蜂对第1代蛹的寄生率和天敌总寄生率分别为55.23%,65.79%,与75枚/hm^(2)释放量处理均无显著差异,表明增加天敌释放量未能提高寄生效果。放蜂后,白蛾周氏啮小蜂对美国白蛾越冬蛹的寄生率高达61.04%,极显著高于第1代蛹(46.75%),第1代蛹又极显著高于第2代蛹(28.75%),表明该蜂对第1代蛹和越冬蛹的寄生效果显著优于第2代蛹;第1代蛹、第2代蛹、越冬蛹的天敌总寄生率分别为66.99%,38.18%,70.18%,总寄生率均极显著高于相应世代白蛾周氏啮小蜂的寄生率,表明其他寄生性天敌对害虫具有较好的自然寄生作用。因此,利用白蛾周氏啮小蜂生物防治美国白蛾的最佳时期为第1代蛹期,经济释放量为45枚/hm^(2)。
Chouioia cunea was released to control each generation of Hyphantria cunea pupae in biocontrol demonstration area which was established in Fangcun Town(Tongshan District,Xuzhou City)from 2018 to 2019.Then the control effects of different species,release density of natural enemies to H.cunea and the different generations of H.cunea were systematically investigated.The results showed that the parasitism rate of C.cunea and the total parasitism rate of natural enemies on the 2nd generation pupae of H.cunea were 49.10%and 54.12%respectively by releasing C.cunea and Tetrastichus nigricoxae,which were both significantly higher than releasing C.cunea only,indicating that it could significantly improve the parasitism effect on H.cunea pupae by releasing the two natural enemies.The parasitism rate of C.cunea and the total parasitism rate of natural enemies on the 1st generation pupae of H.cunea were 55.23%and 65.79%respectively by releasing 45 Antheraea pernyi pupae parasitized by C.cunea per hectare in forest stands,no significant difference compared with the treatment of releasing 75 pupae per hectare,which meant that increasing the release density of natural enemies could not improve the parasitism effect on H.cunea pupae.The parasitism rate of C.cunea on the overwintering pupae of H.cunea was 61.04%after releasing C.cunea,which was significantly higher than that of the 1st generation(46.75%),and the parasitism rate of C.cunea on the 1st generation pupae was also significantly higher than that on the 2nd generation pupae(28.75%),which meant that the parasitism effects of H.cunea on the 1st generation pupae and the overwintering pupae were significantly better than that on the 2nd generation pupae.The total parasitism rate of natural enemies was 66.99%on the 1st generation pupae,38.18%on the 2nd generation pupae and 70.18%on the overwintering pupae of H.cunea,significantly higher than the parasitism rate of C.cunea on H.cunea pupae in the corresponding generation,indicating excellent parasitism effect on H.cunea pupae for the other species of natural enemies.We concluded that the best biocontrol period for H.cunea was the 1st generation pupal stage by releasing C.cunea,and the economic release density was 45 pupae per hectare.
作者
朱兴沛
凌超
张亮
朱乾坤
王新
郭同斌
Zhu Xingpei;Ling Chao;Zhang Liang;Zhu Qiankun;Wang Xin;Guo Tongbin(Forest Pest Management and Quarantine Station of Peixian, Peixian 221600, China;Zhaotuan Forest Farm, Tongshan221123, China;Xuzhou City Forestry Resources Administration and Technique Center, Xuzhou 221009, China)
出处
《江苏林业科技》
2021年第5期39-43,共5页
Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology
基金
中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目“美国白蛾等重大林业害虫生物防治技术示范推广”(苏[2018]TG06)。
