摘要
为了探明叶面喷施硅肥对厚皮甜瓜生育后期白粉病抗性机理的影响,以厚皮甜瓜农大‘105’为试材,通过叶面喷施硅酸钠的方式,测定5个硅浓度0、10、20、30和40 mmol/L对甜瓜叶片光合、木质素含量以及相关酶活性的影响。研究结果表明,叶面喷施浓度在30 mmol/L时叶片光合色素含量最高,达到40 mmol/L时上述指标呈下降趋势。气孔导度(Gs)、净光合速率(Pn)和胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)显著高于对照(CK),而蒸腾速率呈逐渐下降的趋势,喷施浓度30 mmol/L时达到最高,与CK相比差异均显著(P<0.05)。在甜瓜叶片接种白粉病菌待植株发病后,叶面喷施硅酸钠,显著提高了甜瓜叶片中过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶、多酚氧化酶活性,增加了木质素、总酚和类黄酮含量,可以有效提升植株自身免疫抗病系统。喷施硅肥后病情指数明显低于不加硅处理,相对防治效果达到61.15%。总之生育后期叶面喷施硅肥可有效增强光合特性,提高酶活性,降低白粉病发病率,促进植株生长,增加单株产量,提高果实品质。
In order to explore the effect of foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer on the resistance mechanism of muskmelon powdery mildew in the late growth stage,this paper used the thick-skinned muskmelon Nongda‘105’as the test material to find the effects of 5 silicon concentrations of 0,10,20,30 and 40mmol/L on the photosynthesis,lignin content and related enzyme activities of muskmelon leaves through foliar spraying of sodium silicate.This study showed that the leaf photosynthetic pigment content reached the highest when the spray concentration was 30 mmol/L,and the above indicators showed a downward trend when it reached 40 mmol/L.Stomatal conductance(Gs),net photosynthetic rate(Pn),and intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci)were significantly higher than those of the control(CK),while the transpiration rate showed a gradual decrease,reaching the highest when the spraying concentration was 30mmol/L.Compared with CK,the difference was significant(P<0.05).Spraying sodium silicate after inoculating powdery mildew on leaves significantly increased the activities of peroxidase,phenylalanine ammonia lyase and polyphenol oxidase in melon leaves,and increased the content of lignin,total phenols and flavonoids,which effectively enhanced the plant's autoimmune disease resistance system.The disease index after spraying silicon fertilizer was significantly lower than that without silicon treatment,and the relative control effect reached 61.15%.In short,foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer in the late growth period can effectively enhance photosynthetic characteristics,increase enzyme activity and reduce the incidence of powdery mildew,thereby promoting plant growth,increasing yield per plant,and improving fruit quality.
作者
刘月
刘海河
张彦萍
李艳超
武雅娴
封科
LIU Yu;LIU Haihe;ZHANG Yanaping;LI Yanchao;WU Yaxian;FENG Ke(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期51-56,62,共7页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
河北省现代种业科技创新专项(21326306D):河北省重点研发计划项目(21327210D)
河北省农业科技成果转化资金专项(20826901D)
河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZD2016133)
财政部和农业农村部:国家西甜瓜产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-25).
关键词
厚皮甜瓜
硅
白粉病
光合特性
酶活性
muskmelon
silicon
powdery mildew
photosynthetic characteristics
enzyme activity
