摘要
应用环境友好型材料吸附重金属是当前土壤污染治理研究的热点之一。采用单因素试验法和正交试验法,探究了绿色环保高分子材料-保水剂和生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂联合吸附高盐碱性土壤中的Cd^(2+)。试验结果表明:两种材料联合作用的吸附率大于单一材料的吸附率,温度为45℃时,Cd^(2+)吸附率达到98%;吸附的最佳时间为3 h;碱性条件下,两者联合吸附Cd^(2+)的效率更高;随着鼠李糖脂浓度的增加,Cd^(2+)的吸附率先降低后增加,当在浓度达到2 g/L时,吸附率最大;水土比为5∶1时,Cd^(2+)的吸附率最高达到99%;保水剂用量的增加会使吸附率增高,当达到饱和后,吸附率在一定范围内趋于稳定。正交试验表明,对Cd^(2+)吸附率影响最大的因素为鼠李糖脂的浓度,其余依次为pH值、时间、保水剂用量。最佳的吸附组合设计为:保水剂用量0.05 g,鼠李糖脂浓度1 g/L,时间9 h,pH值10。试验的结果为干旱荒漠矿区实施土壤修复和生态修复提供了新思路。
The application of environment-friendly materials to adsorb heavy metals is one of the hot topics in soil pollution control.The single factor test and orthogonal test were used to study the adsorption of Cd^(2+) in high saline-alkali soil by using green polymer materials,namely the water retaining agent and the biological surfactant of rhamnoid.The results show that the combined adsorption efficiency of the two materials is higher than that of single material,and the adsorption efficiency reaches 98%at 45℃.The optimum adsorption time is 3 hours.Under alkaline conditions,the combined adsorption efficiency of Cd^(2+)is higher.As increasing rhamnolipid concentration,the adsorption efficiency of Cd^(2+)is firstly decreased and then increased,and the adsorption efficiency reaches the maximum when the concentration is 2 g/L.The adsorption efficiency reaches 99%when the water to soil ratio is 5∶1.The increase of the amount of water retaining agent will increase the adsorption efficiency,and the adsorption efficiency tends to be stable in a certain range when it reaches saturation.Orthogonal test showed that the concentration of rhamnoid is the most important factor affecting the adsorption efficiency of Cd^(2+),followed by pH value,time and amount of water retaining agent.The optimal adsorption combination design is as follows:amount of water retaining agent is 0.05 g,rhamnoid concentration is 1 g/L,time is 9 hours,and pH value is 10.The experimental results can provide a new idea for soil remediation and ecological restoration in arid desert mining area.
作者
马玉
汪溪远
师庆东
袁婷婷
王志强
MA Yu;WANG Xiyuan;SHI Qingdong;YUAN Tingting;WANG Zhiqiang(School of Resources and Environmental Science,Xinjiang University,Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environmental Modeling of Autonomous Region Universities,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China)
出处
《矿业研究与开发》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第11期82-88,共7页
Mining Research and Development
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2019D01C068)。
关键词
荒漠矿区土壤
镉
保水剂
鼠李糖脂
吸附率
Desert mining area soil
Cadmium water retaining agent
Rhamnolipid
Adsorption efficiency
