摘要
随着《民法典》第1176条的增设,传统意义下自甘风险条款的立法研究已丧失现实意义。揆诸现有司法实践与学理研究,关注点主要集中在自甘风险条款自身法律属性的界定与自甘风险条款和受害人同意概念区分甄别两方面。然而,关于自甘风险条款在体育活动中的理解与适用问题研究仍处起步阶段。自甘风险条款引入体育活动中并不是偶然,而是有着充分的正当性。其不仅能够在充分落实"意思自治"原则的基础上有效区分其他相近似规则,还能够有效应对风险社会带来的各种挑战从而促进体育事业的进一步繁荣以及明确体育活动参加者的责任分配。从法教义学的分析范式出发,文义解释确定了受害人的范围以及对于条文中"自愿"的理解,目的解释界定了作为适用范围的"具有一定风险的体育活动"具体含义,法意解释则明确了体育活动中的其他参与者故意而为之或者重大过失而造成的损害并不在自甘风险条款的免责范围之内。
With the addition of article 1176 of the civil code,the Legislative Research on the voluntary risk clause in the traditional sense has lost its practical significance.The existing judicial practice and theoretical research of Premier Zhu mainly focuses on the definition of the legal attribute of the voluntary risk clause and the distinction between the voluntary risk clause and the concept of victim consent.However,the research on the understanding and application of self willing risk clause in sports activities is still in its infancy.The introduction of self willing risk clause into sports activities is not accidental,but has sufficient legitimacy.It can not only effectively distinguish other similar rules on the basis of fully implementing the principle of"autonomy of will",but also effectively deal with various challenges brought by the risk society,so as to promote the further prosperity of sports and clarify the responsibility distribution of sports participants.Starting from the analytical paradigm of legal dogma,the textual interpretation determines the scope of victims and the understanding of"voluntary"in the provisions,and the purpose interpretation defines the specific meaning of"sports activities with certain risks"as the scope of application,The interpretation of law and meaning makes it clear that the damage caused by other participants in sports activities intentionally or through gross negligence is not within the exemption scope of the voluntary risk clause.
作者
吴镱俊
章道润
WU Yijun;ZHANG Dongrun(School of Law,Anhui University,Hefei Anhui 230000,China)
出处
《乐山师范学院学报》
2021年第11期59-66,共8页
Journal of Leshan Normal University
关键词
体育活动
自甘风险
法律解释
Sports Activities
Assumption of Risk
Legal Interpretation
