摘要
铰接车可以提升车辆的转向性能,但车体受力情况复杂。针对铰接车进行整体受力分析,对不同的子结构重力分析进行分析,获取整车的重力点,在此基础上对前后车体在插入工况、前轮离地工况等进行受力分析;基于有限单元法建立前后车体的有限元模型,分析在整车满载前轮离地工况,前后车体的强度和变形分析,获取应力分布极值点,对设计方案进行检验;根据分析结果,对车体结构进行优化;采用直角应变片法,对优化后的车体应力分布进行测试,在后车体极值点粘贴应变片,获取应力变化曲线,对比测试值与仿真值之间的差异,以检验分析的可靠性。结果可知:在插入工况和前轮离地工况,前车体和后车体的强度满足要求,但局部位置存在应力集中的现象,其中应力值较大的部位主要集中在后车体的上、下铰接板处;两处测点的最大值分别为121MPa和63MPa,与仿真值相比误差分别为3.45%和6.10%,均小于仿真值,表明优化方案是可行的,降低了极值点的应力值,同时也表明仿真分析是可靠的。为此类设计提供参考方案。
The articulated vehicle can improve the steering performance of the vehicle, but the force of the vehicle frame is complicated. According to the overall force analysis of the articulated vehicle, the gravity analysis of different substructures was analyzed to obtain the gravity point of the whole vehicle. On this basi,the force analysis of the front and rear frame in the insertion working condition and the front wheel off-ground working conditions was carried out. Based on the finite element method, the finite element model of the front and rear frame was established. The strength and deformation analysis of the front and rear frame were analyzed under the fully loaded, and the extreme values of the stress distribution were obtained. The design scheme was tested. As a result,the frame structure was optimized. The right angle strain gauge method was used to test the optimized vehicle frame stress distribution, and the strain gauge was attached to the extreme value of the rear frame to obtain the stress variation curve,and the comparison between the test value and the simulation value was obtained. The difference was to verify the reliability of the analysis. The results show that the strength of the front frame and the rear frame meets the requirements in the insertion condition and the front wheel off-ground condition,but there is a phenomenon of stress concentration in the local position,and the part with larger stress value is mainly concentrated in the rear frame. The upper and lower hinge plates are respectively;the maximum values of the two measuring points are 121 MPa and 63 MPa respectively,and the errors compared with the simulated values are3.45% and 6.10%,respectively, which are smaller than the simulation values,indicating that the optimization scheme is feasible and reduces the extreme value. The stress value of the point also indicates that the simulation analysis is reliable. Provide a reference solution for this type of design.
作者
杜少杰
李扬
王少英
DU Shao-jie;LI Yang;WANG Shao-ying(School of Automative Engineering,Huanghe Jiaotong University,Jiaozuo He'nan 454950,China)
出处
《机械设计与制造》
北大核心
2021年第12期196-200,共5页
Machinery Design & Manufacture
基金
河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(182102210097)。
关键词
铰接车
车体
有限单元法
强度
应力
试验
Articulated Vehicle
Frame
Finite Element Method
Strength
Stress
Test
