摘要
信息高速公路建设已成为中国经济高质量发展的重要保障。然而,城乡数字鸿沟给最大化发挥信息技术红利带来了诸多挑战,也成为影响社会和谐的潜在因素。基于2010—2017年中国综合社会调查数据,采用统计学方法和probit模型考察了互联网层面的中国城乡数字鸿沟特征及影响因素。研究结果表明:总体来看,中国城乡之间存在明显的数字鸿沟,但城乡数字鸿沟在考察阶段呈下降趋势;城乡数字鸿沟在不同人群中具有明显差异,特别是对于健康状况差、年龄大、收入和受教育水平低的人群,城乡数字鸿沟更明显。研究证实城乡差异是造成城乡数字鸿沟的主要原因之一,而提高农村地区人力资本水平不仅可以直接降低城乡数字鸿沟,也有助于改善因代际传递而造成的城乡数字鸿沟状况。此外,研究还发现城乡居民互联网使用行为受其政治身份、健康状况、收入水平和上网环境等社会经济因素的共同作用。研究有助于科学把握现阶段中国城乡数字鸿沟的内在变化规律,强调应重视城乡差异因素对城乡数字鸿沟的影响,加强数字时代人力资本投资,积极应对人口结构形式转变对城乡数字鸿沟带来的挑战,对十四五期间推动信息化进程实现经济高质量发展具有一定的政策参考价值。
At present,the construction of information superhighway has become an essential guarantee for the high-quality development of China’s economy.However,the urban-rural digital divide poses a major challenge to maximizing the benefits of information technology,and it is also considered as a potential threat to social harmony.Using the statistical methods and probit model to investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of the urban-rural digital divide at the Internet level in China,based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey in 2010—2017.The results show that:in general,there is a significant digital divide between urban and rural areas in China,but the urban-rural digital divide shows a downward trend during the investigation period;The urban-rural digital divide significantly varies among different populations,especially for people with poor health,older age,low income and education level.It is confirmed that urban-rural difference is one of the main causes of the urban-rural digital divide,and improving the level of rural human capital can not only directly reduce the urban-rural digital divide,but also help to improve the situation of the urban-rural digital divide caused by intergenerational transmission.In addition,the Internet use behavior of urban and rural residents is jointly affected by socio-economic factors such as their political identity,health status,income level and Internet environment.It is helpful to scientifically grasp the internal change law of the urban-rural digital divide in China at the present stage and provide several valuable policy implications for promoting the informatization process and realizing the high-quality economic development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period,such as paying attention to the effect of urban-rural differences on the urban-rural digital divide,strengthening human capital investment,and actively responding to the challenges brought by the transformation of population structure to the urban-rural digital divide in the digital era.
作者
张家平
程名望
龚小梅
ZHANG Jia-ping;CHENG Ming-wang;GONG Xiao-mei(School of Public Administration,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;School of Economics and Management,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Public Economics and Administration,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《统计与信息论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第12期92-102,共11页
Journal of Statistics and Information
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“中国农户贫困根源及其内在机理研究”(71873095)
中央高校基本科研业务费项目及华东师范大学引进人才和启动费项目“ICT扩散对经济高质量发展的影响机制、效应及政策优化”(2021EC-NU-HLYT031)。
关键词
数字鸿沟
互联网
城乡居民
城乡差异
digital divide
internet
urban and rural residents
urban-rural difference
