摘要
本试验选取3000只1日龄商品代AA肉仔鸡为实验动物,进行了常规饲养条件下微生态制剂“益生素”提高肉仔鸡免疫力和增重的试验研究。试验分为两组即试验组和对照组,其中试验组又分为饲养试验组即试验1、2、3组和免疫试验组即A、B、C、D组。饲养试验组的对照组为1500只,试验组每组500只,每个试验组设5个重复;免疫试验组每组50只。每个试验组设5个重复。试验组鸡在常规饲养条件基础上饲料中添加“益生素”,添加量为:试验1组0.1%,试验2组0.2%,试验3组0.3%,试验期为42天。免疫试验组对各组鸡如下指标进行检测:①免疫器官发育的刺激作用(胸腺指数、脾脏指数、法氏囊指数)、②新城疫抗体滴度的消长规律的影响、③淋巴细胞比例与白细胞吞噬指数、④T或B淋巴细胞功能测定(又称淋巴细胞转化试验,是本研究从国外引进的一种最先进的监测方法,称BrdU-ELISA技术)、⑤益生素对BSA特异性抗体效价的影响、⑥益生素对血液中总蛋白、免疫球蛋白、白蛋白水平的影响、⑦肉仔鸡肠道微生物菌落变化、⑧鸡的生产性能(增重、成活率、整齐度及料肉比)的影响等8项指标进行了检测。试验结果表明:(1)试验组肉仔鸡的胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊指数均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);(2)试验组肉仔鸡HI效价明显提高(P<0.05);(3)试验组肉仔鸡淋巴细胞比例及白细胞吞噬指数极显著增加(P<0.01);(4)试验组肉仔鸡T或B淋巴细胞转化率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);(5)试验组肉仔鸡的BSA抗体效价均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(6)试验组血清中的总蛋白的含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(7)试验组肉仔鸡肠道的有害菌肠杆菌的数量显著降低,有益菌乳杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量显著增加(P<0.01),(8)肉仔鸡增重效果明显:试验组1、2、3组与对照组进行生物学统计、方差分析表明,增重分别提高4.41%,8.07%,8.29%,F>F0.0I(P<0.01),在0.01的水平上差异极显著;(9)肉仔鸡的成活率明显提高:对照组鸡为95.1%,试验组为97.6%,98.6%、98.8%,将试验组和对照组进行生物学统计、方差分析表明:试验组成活率提高2.5%,3.5%、3.7%,差异极显著(P<0.01);(10)试验组与对照组进行生物学统计、方差分析表明,料肉比分别降低了0.23、0.35、0.35,差异显著(P<0.05)。
In this study,3000 one-day-old commercial AA broilers were selected as experimental animals to study the effects of probiotics on immunity and weight gain of broilers under conventional feeding conditions.The experiment was divided into two groups,namely experimental group and control group.The experimental group was divided into feeding experimental groups,namely experimental groups 1,2 and 3,and immune experimental groups,namely groups A,B,C and D.There were 1500 birds in the control group,500 birds in each group,and 5 replicates in each group.There were 50 mice in each group.Each experiment group had 5 replicates.Chickens in experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with"probiotics"on the basis of conventional feeding conditions,and the supplemental levels were:0.1%in experimental group 1,0.2%in experimental group 2 and 0.3%in experimental group 3.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The immune test group was tested with the following indexes:(1)the stimulating effect of the immune organ development(thymus index,spleen index,the index of bursa of fabricius),(2)the ebb and flow of Newcastle disease antibody degree in law,(3)the influence of the proportion of lymphocytes and WBC phagocytosis index,(4)determination of T and B lymphocyte function(also called the lymphocyte transformation test,is introduced in this study of one of the most advanced monitoring method,BrdU ELISA technology),(5)The effects of probiotics on the titer of BSA specificantibody,(6)the effects of probiotics on the levels of total protein,immunoglobulin and albumin in blood,(7)the changes of intestinal microflora of broilers,and(8)the effects of performance(weight gain,survival rate,uniformity and feed to meat ratio)were detected.The results showed as follows:(1)the indexes of thymus,spleen and bursa of fabricius in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05);(2)HI titer of broilers in experimental group was significantly increased(P<0.05);(3)The proportion of lymphocyte and leukocyte phagocytosis index of broilers in experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.01);(4)T or B lymphocyte conversion of broilers in experimental groups was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05);(5)The titer of BSA antibody in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05);(6)The content of total protein in serum of experimental groups was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05);(7)The number of harmful bacteria enterobacter in the intestinal tract of broilers in experimental group was significantly decreased,while the number of beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and bifidobacterium was significantly increased(P<0.01)。(8)The weight gain effect of broilers was obvious:biological statistics and variance analysis showed that the weight gain of experimental groups 1,2 and 3 was 4.52%,8.07%and 8.29%higher than that of control group,respectively,with F>F0.01(P<0.01),and the difference was extremely significant at 0.01 level.(9)The survival rate of broilers was significantly increased:control group was 95.1%,experimental group was 97.6%,98.6%,98.8%,biological statistics and variance analysis between experimental group and control group showed that the survival rate of experimental group was in creased by 2.5%,3.5%,3.7%,the difference was extremely significant(P<0.01);(10)Biological statistics and variance analysis showed that the feed to meat ratio of experimental group and control group was decreased by 0.23,0.35 and 0.35,respectively,with significant differences(P<0.05).
作者
王小民
高明娟
王瑞
张日俊
Wang Xiaomin;Gao Mingjuan;Wang Rui;Zhang Rijun
出处
《中国饲料添加剂》
2021年第12期15-25,共11页
China Feed Additive
关键词
益生素
肉仔鸡
免疫器官
免疫力
增重
Probiotic
Broiler chicken
Immune organs
Immunity
Weight
