摘要
【目的】为干旱荒漠区番木瓜的日光温室栽培提供参考。【方法】在干旱荒漠区的戈壁滩,对日光温室土壤采取不同的改良措施,包括仅灌溉酸性水(pH分别为4、5、6)处理,施用KH_(2)PO_(4)(50、100、150、200 g)+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)处理,施用翠姆氨基酸+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)处理,施用生物菌肥+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)处理,研究各土壤改良措施对番木瓜(叶片、根系)生理指标和土壤有效铁、速效磷含量的影响,并采用主成分分析法进行综合评价。【结果】施用K_(2)HPO_(4)处理显著提高了番木瓜叶片的PI_(abs)和F_(m)。各土壤改良方式显著提高了叶片的叶绿素含量,其中,施用K_(2)HPO_(4)(200 g)+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)处理叶绿素含量最高。施用K_(2)HPO_(4)、翠姆氨基酸和生物菌肥处理的根系丙二醛含量显著低于对照和仅灌溉酸性水处理,同时土壤中铁元素和磷元素的有效性提高,以及对活性氧的清除能力提高。各土壤处理措施的综合得分由高到低排序依次为施用K_(2)HPO_(4)(200 g)+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)、施用K_(2)HPO_(4)(150 g)+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)、施用翠姆氨基酸(100 g)+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)、施用K_(2)HPO_(4)(100 g)+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)、施用生物菌肥(1000 g)+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)、灌溉酸性水(pH=4)、施用K_(2)HPO_(4)(50 g)+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)、灌溉酸性水(pH=5)、灌溉酸性水(pH=6)、CK。【结论】在戈壁滩设施内栽培番木瓜时,施用KH_(2)PO_(4)处理的改良土壤效果较好,其中K_(2)HPO_(4)(200 g)+灌溉酸性水(pH=5)处理的效果最佳,可有效改善高碱性土壤,促进番木瓜的生长。
【Objective】The paper provided a reference for papaya cultivation under solar greenhouse in arid desert area.【Method】In the gobi desert of arid desert area,different improvement measures including irrigation acid water only(pH 4,5 and 6 respectively),application of KH_(2)PO_(4)(50,100,150 and 200 g)+irrigation acid water(pH=5),application of Tsui’s amino acid fertilizer+irrigation acid water(pH=5),application of biological bacterial fertilizer+irrigation acid water(pH=5),were taken for the soil in solar greenhouse,in order to study the effects of soil improvement measures on the physiological indices of papaya(leaves and root system)and the contents of soil available iron and available phosphorus by using the principal component analysis method for comprehensive evaluation.【Result】The treatments of K_(2)HPO_(4) significantly increased PI_(abs) and F_(m) in leaves of papaya.The chlorophyll content of leaves was significantly increased by different improvement methods,and the value of K_(2)HPO_(4)(200 g)+irrigation acid water(pH=5)was the highest.The malondialdehyde(MDA)content of roots treated with K_(2)HPO_(4),Tsui’s amino acid fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer was significantly lower than that of the control and irrigation acid water treatment.Meanwhile,the availability of iron and phosphorus in soil and the scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species were improved.The comprehensive score of each soil treatment measure from high to low was as follows:application of K_(2)HPO_(4)(200 g)+irrigation acid water(pH=5),application of K_(2)HPO_(4)(150 g)+irrigation acid water(pH=5),application of Tsui’s amino acid(100 g)+irrigation acid water(pH=5),application of K_(2)HPO_(4)(100 g)+irrigation acid water(pH=5),application of biological bacterial fertilizer(1000 g)+irrigation acid water(pH=5),irrigation acid water(pH=4),application of K_(2)HPO_(4)(50 g)+irrigation acid water(pH=5),irrigation acid water(pH=5),irrigation acid water(pH=6),CK.【Conclusion】In the gobi desert facilities,the improved soil treated with KH_(2)PO_(4) could be applied to the cultivation of papaya,and the effect of K_(2)HPO_(4)(200 g)+irrigation acid water(pH=5)was the best,which could effectively improve the highly alkaline soil and promote the growth of papaya.
作者
李宽莹
张坤
王玮
杨芳芳
王晓辉
丁海
杨怀峰
LI Kuanying;ZHANG Kun;WANG Wei;YANG Fangfang;WANG Xiaohui;DING Hai;YANG Huaifeng(Institute of Forest,Fruit and Flower,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Jiayuguan New Town Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center,Jiayuguan 735106,Gansu,China;Rongxin Farmers Planting Professional Cooperative,Jiuquan City,Jiuquan 750011,Gansu,China;Wenshu Town Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center,Jiayuguan City,Jiayuguan 735104,Gansu,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2021年第4期106-115,共10页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
农业部西北地区果树科学观测实验站项目(S-10-18)
嘉峪关市科技局科技计划项目(12-64)
甘肃省农业科学院科技支撑计划项目(2017GSAS49)。
关键词
戈壁
日光温室
土壤改良
番木瓜
生理变化
gobi desert
solar greenhouse
soil improvement
papaya
physiological changes
