摘要
为了探讨舱室分层、舱室通风开口参数对潜艇多层结构舱室火灾的影响,参照真实发生的火灾案例,结合案例中潜艇多层舱室的实际结构特点,采用Pyrosim建立多层舱室结构燃烧模型,调用FDS仿真研究各层火灾在自然通风和封舱状态下的差异性,发现各层火灾燃烧中均存在"顶棚射流火焰"与"间歇性复燃"现象,但出现时间点不同,且不同层火灾烟气浓度和温度在空间分布上存在明显差异,得出潜艇应采取"分层区别化灭火"的结论。
In order to discuss the influence of compartment stratification and compartment ventilation opening parameters on the fire of submarine compartments with multi-layer structures,this paper refers to the real fire case of a submarine compartment with a multi-layer structure and conducts research based on the special fire phenomena and tactical actions in the case.Combined with the actual structural characteristics and corresponding parameters of the submarine multi-layer compartment in the case,Pyrosim is used to establish a multi-layer compartment structure model.Because there are many kinds of combustibles in the case,it is difficult to describe them with a certain combination of combustibles.In this study,the European standard fire n-heptane is adopted as the fire source considering its good stability and continuity.The maximum heat release rate is selected in a way similar to the fire experiment method.Considering the limited ventilation condition on the submarine,it is known that when ventilation is limited,the heat release rate decreases with time.On this basis,FDS simulation is used to study the differences in submarine compartment fire development under natural ventilation and sealed cabin conditions.It is found that there are “ceiling jet flame” and “intermittent re-ignition” phenomena in the fire of each layer,which is almost consistent with the phenomena described in the case.A further simulation study shows that under the same working condition,the phenomenon of “intermittent re-ignition” appears earliest on the lower layer and that of the latest is on the upper layer.“intermittent re-ignition” can be delayed when the compartment is sealed.It is also found that there are obvious differences in the spatial distribution of smoke concentration and temperature in different layers.The lower layer fire slowly affects the upper layer.The middle layer fire slowly affects the lower layer,and the upper layer fire slowly affects the middle and lower layers.The comprehensive research results point out that it is unscientific to use the undifferentiated compartment sealing method to extinguish the fire in different layers of a submarine.Instead,“layered differentiated fire extinguishing” should be adopted.
作者
王辉波
冯彤辉
刘灵
WANG Hui-bo;FENG Tong-hui;LIU Ling(Department of Power Control,Naval Submarine Academy,Qingdao 266199,Shandong,China;Navy 92474,Sanya 572018,Hainan,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期2525-2532,共8页
Journal of Safety and Environment
关键词
安全工程
消防工程
潜艇
火灾仿真
safety engineering
fire engineering
submarine
fire simulation
