摘要
为了量化城市蓄涝水面率的适宜程度,着手城市蓄涝水面率选择对城市内涝治理效果的影响评价,针对当前"蓄涝水面率"缺乏清晰的概念和统一的核算与评价方法等问题,从"蓄""滞"概念辨析入手,提出城市蓄涝水面率的核定方法。引入超短历时受淹指标、排涝流量效率指标和蓄涝水深弹性指标等,将蓄涝水面率划分为"紧张区、适宜区、宽松区",并明确了分区阈值的确定方法。案例分析结果显示:蓄涝水面率分区方法能够综合考虑区域暴雨特征、允许调蓄水深、允许最大排涝时长等各种因素,从而得出较为合理的"适宜区"范围,并且能够评估不同因素变化带来的影响。沙井电排区的蓄涝水面率适宜区为[4,7],与规范建议值(8%~12%)相差较大。在其它条件不变的情况下,当允许最大排涝时长从72 h降到48 h,"适宜区"上边界亦由7%降到6%。同样,当允许调蓄水深从1.5 m降低到1 m,适宜区调整为[6,11],与规范建议值接近。结果表明:基于"等效蓄涝面积"的核算方法能够更加客观地量化城市"蓄涝水面率";城市蓄涝水面率分区方法能够简明、合理地评价区域蓄涝能力。基于该方法,每个城市都可以确定符合本地条件的蓄涝水面率分区阈值,从而判定自己所在的分区,并有针对性地选择适宜的蓄涝参数。研究成果可为城市内涝防治系统的规划、设计与改造提供技术支持。
In order to quantify the suitability of urban water surface ratio for waterlogging(WSRW) and aiming at the evaluation of the influence from the selection of WSRW on the effect of urban waterlogging control, a verification method for the water surface ratio for waterlogging is proposed herein from the aspect of differentiating the concepts of flood storage and flood detention for the problem of lack of clear concept and unified accounting and evaluation method for the urban WSRW. And then, WSRW is divided into tense area, suitable area and loose area through introducing the ultra-short duration flooding index, drainage discharge efficiency index and waterlogging storage depth surplus index, while the method of determining the zoning threshold is defined as well. The relevant analysis results show that the regional rainstorm characteristics, the allowable water depth for the regulation and storage and the allowable maximum allowable drainage duration can be comprehensively considered by the zoning method for WSRW, thus not only the more reasonable range of the suitable area can be obtained, but the influences from the changes of various factors can also be evaluated. The suitable range of WSRW in Shajing Electric Power Drainage Area is [4,7], which is quite different from the recommended value in the relevant code(8%~12%). In the case without the changes of the other conditions, the upper boundary of the suitable area is to be decreased from 7% to 6%, when the value of the allowable maximum allowable drainage duration decreases from 72 h to 48 h. Similarly, when the value of the allowable water depth for the regulation and storage decreases from 1.5 m to 1 m, the range of the suitable area is to be adjusted to [6,11], which is close to the value recommended in the relevant code. The results show that the equivalent waterlogging storage area-based accounting method can more objectively quantify the urban WSRW, while the regional waterlogging storage capacity can be concisely and reasonably evaluated by the zoning method for the urban WSRW. Based on the method, the zoning threshold of the urban WSRW coincided with the local condition can be determined for each city concerned for determining the zone it is located in and targetedly selecting the relevant appropriate parameters for the waterlogging storage. The study result can provide technical support for planning, design and improvement of urban waterlogging prevention and control system.
作者
唐明
周涵杰
许文涛
许文斌
TANG Ming;ZHOU Hanjie;XU Wentao;XU Wenbin(School of Hydraulic&Ecological Engineering,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,Jiangxi,China;Nanchang Engineering Technical Research Center for Urban Waterlogging Prevention and Water Quality Regulation,Nanchang 330038,Jiangxi,China;Municipal Engineering Branch,Nanchang Urban Planning and Design Research Institute,Nanchang 330038,Jiangxi,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2021年第12期12-24,共13页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
2020年南昌市第二批科技计划项目(2020-NCGCZX-005)
南昌工程学院2019年引进高层次人才科研启动基金。
关键词
蓄涝水面率
城市内涝治理
分区指标
分区阈值
雨洪数值模拟
海绵城市
降雨
暴雨灾害
water surface ratio for waterlogging(WSRW)
urban waterlogging control
zoning index
threshold of zoning
numerical simulation of rainfall flood
sponge city
rainfall
rainstorm disaster
