摘要
【目的】探讨广州地区不同性别变应性鼻炎(AR)患者的吸入性及食入性变应原谱分布特征。【方法】收集2016年至2020年至中山大学附属第三医院耳鼻喉科门诊7 284例疑似AR患者血清变应原sIgE,分析确诊AR患者不同性别吸入性及食入性变应原谱的分布特征。【结果】5 980例患者诊断为AR,血清变应原sIgE阳性率为82.10%(95%CI=81.22%,82.98%)。男性平均年龄为19.01±13.17岁,女性23.67±13.40岁,AR女性年龄大于男性(P<0.001),男性AR阳性率83.35%高于女性AR患者阳性率80.61%(P<0.05)。广州地区吸入性变应原主要以户尘螨(78.93%)、屋尘(17.71%)、霉菌组合(17.16%)为主,食入性变应原主要以牛奶(20.45%)、腰果(20.35%)、蟹(18.28%)为主。户尘螨阳性率男性(80.48%)高于女性(77.03%,P=0.001),霉菌组合阳性率女性(19.10%)高于男性(15.57%,P<0.001),狗毛皮屑阳性率男性(14.03%)高于女性(11.54%,P=0.004)。食入性变应原中鸡蛋白、牛奶、虾、牛肉、蟹、腰果男性阳性率(依次为17.64%、23.04%、14.48%、12.96%、19.95%、21.68%)均高于女性阳性率(依次为14.37%、17.27%、12.21%、11.13%、16.23%、18.73%;P<0.05)。未成年AR患者男性吸入性变应原总血清sIgE阳性率(93.25%)高于女性(90.95%,P=0.040),成年组AR患者男性食入性变应原总血清sIgE阳性率(54.66%)高于女性(49.23%,P=0.002)。【结论】户尘螨、霉菌组合、狗毛皮屑、鸡蛋白、牛奶、虾、牛肉、蟹、腰果等变应原阳性率在性别间存在差异,且食物致敏状态成年男性更多见,应加强AR防治工作中性别差异的精细化管理。
【Objective】To analyze the characteristics of the pattern of inhalant and food allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)by gender in Guangzhou.【Methods】By collecting the results of serum allergen specific IgE(sIgE)test of 7 284 suspected AR patients visiting the ENT outpatient in the Third Hospital of SunYat-sen University from 2016 to2020. The characteristics of the pattern of inhalant and food allergens in definite AR patients,especially the gender difference in allergen pattern,was compared.【Results】A total of 5 980 patients were confirmed as AR with a 82.10% positive rate(95%CI=81.22%,82.98%)in allergen serum sIgE test. The mean age of male patients was 19.01±13.17 vs. 23.67±13.40 in female. The mean age of female patients was older than that of the male patients(P<0.001). Compared with the female patients,the positive rate was higher in the male AR patients(83.35% vs. 80.61%,P<0.05). The common inhalant allergens in Guangzhou were house dust mites(78.93%),house dust(17.71%)and mold groups(17.16%),and milk(20.45%),cashew nut(20.35%)and crab(18.28%)were the common food allergens. The positive rates of house dust mites and dog dander were higher in males than those in females(all of P<0.05),while the positive rate of mold groups was higher in females than that in males(P<0.001). The positive rates of egg,milk,shrimp,beef,crab and cashew nut were higher in male patients than those of the female patients(all of P<0.05). In minor group,the positive rate of inhalant allergen serum sIgE was higher in males(93.25%)than that in females(90.25%,P<0.05),while the positive rate of food allergen serum sIgE was higher in adult male patients(54.66%)than that in the adult female patients(49.23%,P=0.002).【Conclusions】There exist significant difference by gender in the positive rates of allergen among house dust mites,mold groups,dog dander,egg,milk,shrimp,beef,crab and cashew nut. Adult male AR patients seem to be more vulnerable to suffering from food allergy,suggesting the importance of the precise management for AR patients involving the gender characteristics.
作者
王玮豪
孔维封
郑瑞
陈玉莲
杨钦泰
黄雪琨
WANG Wei-hao;KONG Wei-feng;ZHENG Rui;CHEN Yu-lian;YANG Qin-tai;HUANG Xue-kun(Department of Otolaryngology,The Third Hospital of SunYat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China;Department of Allergy,The Third Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China)
出处
《中山大学学报（医学科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期10-17,共8页
Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(81900920)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81870704,82071019)
国家自然科学基金联合基金项目—重点支持项目(U20A20399)。
