摘要
本文在国际外部需求给我国企业出口造成影响的背景下,从企业层面研究国际外部需求对我国创新的影响,并揭示企业技术追赶水平在其中产生的异质性作用。首先,本文厘清了国际外部需求通过规模效应和竞争效应影响企业创新及其影响程度随技术追赶能力变化而变化的作用机制。其次,本文将2011—2013年专利数据库、海关数据库和工业企业数据库进行匹配,结合全球200个目的地和3800种产品的进口贸易数据,构建出企业层面的国际外部需求影响及创新指标。本文的实证研究印证了理论假说:国际外部需求对企业创新有显著影响,技术追赶接近于国际前沿的企业创新更多地受到国际外部需求的正向影响。本文还进一步发现,国际外部需求作用只发挥在专利垄断程度低和产品替代性低的行业企业内,并且外资企业和非发明创新对国际外部需求表现出的反应更大。本文的研究表明,应准确把握国际外部需求对自主创新的微观影响,同时加快我国产业技术追赶,促进创新专利资源的有效配置,降低专利垄断程度以最大限度地发挥国际外部需求的正面创新效应。
Under the background of weak international market demand,this paper originally analyzes the impact of international market demand on China?s innovation from the perspective of micro firm and the heterogeneous effect from technology catch-up. Firstly,this paper clarifies that international demand makes firms close to the technology frontier to do more innovation through scale effect and competition effect. Then this paper combines2011D2013 China patent data,custom data and firm production data together and matches the firm data with import information covering 200 destination and about 3800 products.The paper constructs international market demand shock and innovation variable to do empirical analysis. The results show that international demand shock has a significant influence on firm innovation. This effect is stronger for firms which catch up with technology frontier.Moreover,the paper finds that the effect of international demand disappears in industry with high degree of patent monopoly and product substitutability. And foreign owned firm and non-invention patent are more influenced by international demand shock. This paper?s conclusion implies that the impact of international demand shock on innovation needs to be paid more attention and the way of speeding up the process of catching up with frontier and decreasing the patent monopoly can help to get the positive impact on innovation.
作者
侯欣裕
陈璐瑶
Hou Xinyu;Chen Luyao(School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;School of Economics,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)
出处
《南开经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期53-69,共17页
Nankai Economic Studies
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“市场准入、贸易竞争与企业产品生产配置研究”(20YJC790042)的资助。
关键词
国际外部需求
技术追赶
企业创新
International Demand
Technology Catch-Up
Firm Innovation
