摘要
2021年以来大宗商品价格快速上涨,成为导致2021年企业成本上升的重要原因。为有效厘清大宗商品价格变化对实体经济企业的影响,中国财政科学研究院“企业成本”大型调研成立“大宗商品价格变化对成本的影响”专题组,对大宗商品价格变化导致的能源、机电、消费品、汽车、建材企业成本传导效应和企业负担的分担原则进行调研分析。调研发现,大宗商品价格变化明显加大了原材料成本的上涨压力;部分产品价格机制的改革滞后效果被放大,进一步扭曲了成本压力和负担;产业链、供应链中的原有成本负担结构被扭曲;企业的库存成本和长约协议的占比明显提高,资金占用压力加大。文章在分析调研企业应对大宗商品价格变动的举措的基础上,进一步提出发挥政府与市场合力,协同化解风险的相关建议。
Since 2021,the rapid rise of commodity prices has become an important reason for the rise of enter-prise costs.In order to effectively clarify the impact of commodity price changes on enterprises in the real econ-omy,the large-scale research on enterprise cost of the Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences established the spe-cial group on the impact of commodity price changes on costs to investigate and analyze the cost transmission effect of energy,electromechanical,consumer goods,automobile and building materials enterprises and the sharing principle of enterprise burden caused by commodity price changes.The research found that changes in commodity prices have significantly increased the upward pressure on the cost of raw materials.The lagging ef-fect of the price mechanism reform of some products has been amplified,further distorting the cost pressure.The original cost burden structure in the industrial chain and supply chain is distorted.The inventory cost of enterprises and the proportion of long-term agreements have increased significantly,and the pressure of capital occupation has increased also.Based on the analysis of the countermeasures taken by enterprises,this paper further puts forward relevant suggestions to give full play to the joint force of the government and the market and jointly resolve risks.
出处
《财政科学》
CSSCI
2022年第2期5-18,共14页
Fiscal Science
关键词
大宗商品价格
企业成本
能源企业
制造业企业
建材产业
Bulk Commodity Price
Enterprise Cost
Energy Enterprise
Manufacturing Industry
Building Materials Industry
