摘要
以从河北省昌黎市引进的‘春光’‘蜜光’‘宝光’与其亲本为试材,采用田间调查方法进行物候期和植株抗病性的比较,采用物性分析仪对果实硬度进行分析,研究了自育品种在当地的品质表现,以期发现适合清徐及黄土高原产区种植的葡萄新品种,优化地区葡萄产业结构,满足多元化市场需求。结果表明:‘春光’‘蜜光’‘宝光’3种鲜食后代属欧美杂种,在山西省清徐县表现果实品质上等,抗病性强。其中,‘蜜光’成熟期与父本‘早黑宝’相似,在8月初,为早熟品种;‘宝光’成熟期与其母本‘巨峰’相似,在8月下旬,为中熟品种。‘蜜光’和‘宝光’果穗较松,‘蜜光’葡萄果实含淡玫瑰香味,‘宝光’葡萄含玫瑰香味和草莓香味,‘蜜光’和‘宝光’葡萄果皮和果肉硬度差异不显著,但均显著高于双亲。‘春光’葡萄果皮颜色为紫黑,果粉厚度较厚,其果实可溶性固形物含量达22.21%,且‘春光’葡萄果皮和果肉硬度最高,表现较好的耐储性。3种鲜食葡萄后代抗病性与亲本相似,均抗霜霉病和白腐病,其中‘春光’葡萄抗白腐病优于‘巨峰’。3种后代均适合在山西省清徐县推广栽培,其中‘春光’葡萄果实品质表现优于母本‘巨峰’,且具有母本的草莓香,表现较强的抗病性,可作为替代‘巨峰’的优良自育品种。
‘Chunguang’‘Miguang’ and ‘Baoguang’ introduced from Changli, Hebei Province and their parents were used as experimental materials.The phenological period and plant disease resistance were compared by field investigation method, and the fruit hardness was analyzed by physical property analyzer.The local quality performance of self bred varieties was studied, in order to find new grape varieties suitable for planting in Shanxi and Loess Plateau, optimize the regional grape industrial structure and meet the diversified market demand.The results showed that ‘Chunguang’‘Miguang’ and ‘Baoguang’ were European and American hybrids, which showed high fruit quality and strong disease resistance in Qingxu, Shanxi Province.Among them, the mature stage of ‘Miguang’ was similar to that of ‘Zaoheibao’,the male parent.The mature stage was in early August, which was an early maturing variety.The mature period of ‘Baoguang’ was similar to its female parent ‘Kyoho’.It was a medium mature variety.The fruit cluster of ‘Miguang’ and ‘Baoguang’ grapes were looser, the fruits of ‘Miguang’ grapes contained light rose aroma, and ‘Baoguang’ grapes contained rose aroma and trawberry aroma.There was no significant difference in skin and flesh hardness between ‘Miguang’ and ‘Baoguang’ grapes, but they were higher than their parents.The skin color of ‘Chunguang’ grape was purple black, the fruit powder was thick, the soluble solid content of the fruit was 22.21%,and the hardness of the skin and flesh of ‘Chunguang’ grape was the highest, showing good storage resistance.The disease resistance of the three offspring was similar to that of their parents, all of them were resistant to downy mildew and white rot, and the resistance of ‘Chunguang’ grape to white rot was better than that of ‘Kyoho’.The three fresh offspring were suitable for popularization and cultivation in Qingxu, Shanxi Province.The fruit quality of ‘Chunguang’ grape was better than that of the female parent ‘Kyoho’,and had the strawberry aroma of the female parent, which had strong disease resistance, and could be used as an excellent self bred variety instead of ‘Kyoho’.
作者
张生智
孙俊宝
张未仲
王红宁
吴晓璇
ZHANG Shengzhi;SUN Junbao;ZHANG Weizhong;WANG Hongning;WU Xiaoxuan(Pomology Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031)
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第5期47-52,共6页
Northern Horticulture
基金
山西省重点研发计划资助项目(201903D221067)
山西省农业科学院科技创新资助项目(YCX2020304)。
关键词
清徐
引种
葡萄
品质
Qingxu
introduction
grape
quality
