摘要
目的评价中国不同风险人群心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)理想生活方式中膳食和体力活动的分布状况,为CVD的防治提供科学依据。方法利用来自全国22220名35~74岁既往无CVD个体的调查资料,使用中国动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险预测(prediction for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in China,China-PAR)模型进行10年CVD风险评估并分组:<5%为低风险,5%~<10%为中风险,≥10%为高风险。比较不同风险人群中膳食(蔬菜水果、鱼类、红肉、豆制品和茶)和体力活动指标分布情况。结果中国35~74岁人群中,10年CVD风险低、中、高风险者分别占75.6%、14.9%和9.4%。与女性相比,男性的膳食(56.6%vs.75.6%)、体力活动(46.2%vs.57.6%)理想比例均较高(均有P<0.05)。蔬菜水果和鱼类理想率均随着CVD风险水平的升高呈现下降趋势(均有P<0.05),其中水果和鱼类摄入不足在CVD高风险和低风险人群中差异最大。体力活动理想率随风险水平升高呈现下降趋势(P<0.001),其中女性高、低风险组体力活动理想率差异较大(28.7%vs.48.4%)。结论CVD高风险组人群的膳食、体力活动理想率最低,女性尤为严重,应积极引导高风险人群摄入蔬菜水果和鱼类,参与体育锻炼。
Objective To describe the distribution of two ideal health behaviors:diet and physical activity in Chinese adults with cardiovascular disease(CVD)risks,and to further provide evidence for CVD prevention.Methods The study included 22220 adults aged 35 to 74 years without CVD from 14 Provinces or cities in China.The 10-year CVD risks for all participants were estimated using the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China(China-PAR)equations,and participants were subsequently divided into low(<5%),moderate(5-<10%)and high risk(≥10%)groups.Sex-specific distribution of five ideal diet metrics(vegetables and fruits,fish,red meat,soybean products,and tea)and physical activity were compared among participants at different CVD risk groups.Results Among Chinese population aged 35-74 years,there were 75.6%,14.9%and 9.4%of participants with low,moderate,and high risk of 10-year CVD,respectively.Compared with women,the ideal proportion of male diet(56.6%vs.75.6%)physical activity(46.2%vs.57.6%)was higher(all P<0.05).Ideal intake of vegetable,fruits and fish decreased with the 10-year CVD risk(P<0.05)in both sexes.Inadequate intake of fruit and fish among participants with high CVD risk was the most serious problem.A decreasing trend was observed for the ideal physical activity with the 10-year CVD risk(P<0.001).Women with high CVD risk had substantial difference of ideal physical activity than those with low CVD risk(28.7%vs.48.4%).Conclusion Low prevalence of ideal diet and physical activity occurred in population with high 10-year CVD risk in China,especially in women.It is imperative to implement healthy lifestyle measures among high-risk population,such as enhancing intake of vegetable,fruits,fish and promoting physical activity.
作者
崔晴梅
李建新
曹杰
刘芳超
黄克勇
陈恕凤
陈纪春
黄建凤
顾东风
鲁向锋
CUI Qing-mei;LI Jian-xin;CAO Jie;LIU Fang-chao;HUANG Ke-yong;CHEN Shu-feng;CHEN Ji-chun;HUANG Jian-feng;GU Dong-feng;LU Xiang-feng(Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology,Department of Epidemiology,Fuwai Hospital,National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases,Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期251-256,279,共7页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
国家重点研究计划(2017YFC0211700,2016YFC0206503,2018YFC1311703)
中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2017-I2M-1-004,2019-I2M-2-003)。
