摘要
中国和国际上不同学者使用“黑色岩系”“碳硅泥岩”和“黑色页岩”等不同的名称来命名碳酸盐岩、硅质岩、泥岩及其过渡型岩类这一特殊岩类组合,致使叫法一直比较混淆。随着研究的深入,不同学者从不同角度和研究方向取得了一定的成果认识。便于统一,本文对黑色岩系、碳硅泥岩和黑色页岩的概念、内涵进行了比较,系统梳理和综合归纳了黑色岩系时空分布、赋存矿产、多元素富集层物源、成矿机理等方面的成果。研究结果表明,广义的碳硅泥岩与黑色岩系近乎相同,黑色页岩为狭义的黑色岩系和碳硅泥岩,不包括与其密切联系的磷块岩。黑色岩系的分布具有全球性和等时性,有多达25种矿产(包括有色金属、黑色金属、稀有、稀散及分散金属、贵金属、非金属和能源矿产)与黑色岩系有密切的成因和空间关系,并且常常形成大型-超大型矿床。黑色岩系多元素富集层的物源为多来源,有陆源供给、海底火山(热液)携带、岩浆喷发作用、海底热液对基底岩石的萃取和海水,成矿机理为多阶段复成因,为海底喷流热液(水)沉积作用、岩浆火山喷发作用、生物沉积作用和海水作用等共同作用下形成的,不同地段、不同层位由于成矿地质背景的不同,具有不同的成矿作用和元素富集过程,形成不同的元素富集组合。提出了黑色岩系多元素富集层的研究具有重要的理论意义、经济意义和环境意义。
For the special rock assemblage of carbonate rock,siliceous rock,mudstone,and its transitional rock,there are different names in China and abroad,such as black rock series,carbonaceous‐siliceous‐argillaceous rocks,black shales,which is confusing.This paper analyzes the achievements of different scholars in different perspectives and research directions,and tries to compare the definition and connotation of black rock series,carbonaceous‐siliceous‐argillaceous rocks and black shales,and summarizes the mineral resources,the spatial and temporal distribution,and the provenance and metallogenic mechanism of multi‐elements enrichment layers in the above‐mentioned special rock assemblage.The study shows that in a broad sense carbonaceous‐siliceous‐argillaceous rocks are nearly identical to the black rock series.Black shales are a narrow sense of black rock series or carbonaceous‐siliceous‐argillaceous rock,excluding phosphorite.The distribution of black rock series is global and isochronous.There are as many as 25 minerals(including non‐ferrous metals,ferrous metals,rare and dispersed elements,precious metals,non‐metallic and energy minerals)which have a close genetic and spatial relationship with black rock series,and often formed large‐super large deposits.The materials of multi‐elements enrichment layers in black rock series are multi sources,including terrestrial supply,submarine volcanic(hydrothermal)carrying,magmatic eruption,submarine hydrothermal extraction of basement rocks and seawater.The ore‐forming mechanism is composite within multi‐stages,including submarine hydrothermal sedimentation,magmatic volcanic eruption,biological sedimentation and seawater interaction.In different areas,different layers there might be different metallogenic and element enrichment processes forming different element assemblages due to the difference of metallogenic geological background.It is proposed that the study of multi‐elements enriched layers in black rock series has important theoretical,economic and environmental significances.
作者
李治兴
秦明宽
刘鑫扬
王文全
王健
李龙龙
LI Zhixing;QIN Mingkuan;LIU Xinyang;WANG Wenquan;WANG Jian;LI Longlong(CNNC Key Laboratory of Uranium Resources Exploration and Evaluation Technology,Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Beijing 100029,China;China Nuclear Geology Bureau,Beijing 100013,China;Oil Production Plant 6 of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Dingbian,Shaanxi 718606,China)
出处
《世界核地质科学》
CAS
2022年第1期14-26,共13页
World Nuclear Geoscience
基金
中国核工业地质局地勘费项目(编号:地D2101、地D2104和201493)联合资助。
关键词
黑色岩系
碳硅泥岩
黑色页岩
多元素富集层
成矿机理
研究意义
black rock series
carbonaceous-siliceous-argillaceous rocks
black shales
elements enrichment layer
metallogenic mechanism
research significance
