摘要
氢能是来源丰富、绿色低碳和应用广泛的二次能源,正逐步成为未来能源绿色转型发展的重要载体之一,是现有能源形式的有益补充,也是未来能源体系的重要组成部分。该文介绍了清华大学能源与动力工程系在制氢领域取得的基础研究和应用开发的系列成果。在碳氢燃料重整领域,合成了烧绿石负载型重整通用催化剂,开发了全系列重整制氢样机;在中温氢气净化领域,提出了中温净化新途径并合成了覆盖全温区的氮基活性炭疏水吸附剂及水滑石基吸附剂,完成了中温变压吸附H;/CO;分离技术示范;在可再生能源电解领域,依托固体氧化物电解池实现了二氧化碳与水共电解制取燃料、升高反应温度以降低水理论分解电压,从而缩减了碱水电解能耗。发展制氢技术是氢能燃料电池产业的首要技术环节,有助于推进未来能源利用方式变革,是构建低碳、安全和高效现代能源体系的重要举措。
Hydrogen energy is an widely used, abundant, green, low-carbon energy carrier. Hydrogen is gradually becoming one of the most important energy carriers for our future green energy transformation. This paper provides a detailed introduction to the basic and applied research achievements in various fields related to hydrogen production made by the Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University. A pyrochrite catalyst was synthesized for hydrocarbon fuel reforming with prototype hydrogen reforming units then used to evaluate the catalyst effectiveness. An elevated temperature purification process was developed for elevated temperature hydrogen production using both a nitrogen-modified activated carbon hydrophobic adsorbent and a layered double hydroxide based adsorbent for the entire temperature range which can provide on-site H;/CO;separation using elevated temperature pressure swing adsorption. For electrolysis using renewable energy sources, the co-electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to produce hydrogen was realized in a solid oxide electrolytic cell with the energy consumption of the alkaline water electrolysis reduced by raising the temperature to reduce the theoretical water decomposition voltage. These results contribute to the international hydrogen fuel cell industry developing efficient hydrogen production technologies that will boost the transformation of future energy utilization systems as a crucial step towards building a low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system.
作者
李爽
史翊翔
蔡宁生
LI Shuang;SHI Yixiang;CAI Ningsheng(Department of Energy and Power Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy,Tsinghua University,Taiyuan 030032,China)
出处
《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期655-662,共8页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52176190)。
关键词
氢能与燃料电池
重整制氢
中温变压吸附
电解
hydrogen fuel cells
hydrogen production by reforming
elevated temperature pressure swing adsorption
electrolysis
