摘要
开展水质评价对流域水生态保护治理具有重要参考意义,当前采用流域综合水质指数法(WQI)开展水质评价及关键参数的研究主要集中在湿润、半湿润地区,而干旱、半干旱地区中WQI的关键参数研究还不深入。为此,以白洋淀流域为典型研究区,以白洋淀流域17个监测站点2010—2016年逐月水质监测数据为基础,探讨了水质状况影响因素的时空差异性,评价了流域水质整体状况,识别了关键参数,并基于综合水质指标构建和筛选最优WQI_(min)模型,验证了模型在干旱、半干旱地区的适用性。结果表明,白洋淀流域水质总体评价为“中等”,平均WQI指数为68.85,其中9项水质监测变量在空间上存在显著差异。通过聚类分析可知,拒马河、唐河、潴龙河上游等区域水质状况较好,府河中下游焦庄、望亭、安州及拒马河码头断面等区域水质状况较差,全流域呈从上游至下游水质总体变差的趋势;水质指数呈季节性特征,水质良好率春季最高(97%),其次为冬季(95.17%)。白洋淀流域WQI_(min)模型由EC、NH_(4)-N、DO、COD和T等5项关键参数组成,其回归系数(R^(2))和百分比误差(PE)分别为0.82和9.46%。WQI_(min)模型作为一种成本小、效率高的流域水质评估和管理工具,具有较好应用前景。
Water quality assessment has an important reference for water ecological protection in the basin.The current research on water quality evaluation using watershed water quality index(WQI)methods is mainly focused on wet and semi-humid areas,and the research on key parameters and weights in arid and semi-thousand arid areas is not yet in-depth.This study took Baiyangdian watershed as a typical research area,based on the monthly water quality monitoring data from 2010 to 2016 at 17 monitoring stations in Baiyangdian watershed,explored the spatial and temporal variability of the factors influencing water quality,evaluated the overall water quality condition of the watershed,identified key water quality parameters,constructed and screened the optimal WQI_(min) model based on the comprehensive water quality index,and verified the applicability of the model in arid and semi-arid areas was verified.The result shows that the overall assessment of water quality in the Baiyangdian watershe is“medium”,with an average WQI index of 68.85.Nine of the water quality monitoring variables have significant spatial differences,and the clustering analysis shows that the water quality is better in the upper reaches of the Juma River,Tang River,and Zhulong River,and worse in the middle and lower reaches of the Fu River in Jiaozhuang,Wangting,Anzhou,and Matou of the Juma River.The water quality in the whole basin tends to deteriorate from upstream to downstream;the water quality index is seasonal,with the highest rate of good water quality in spring(97%),followed by winter(95.17%).The regression coefficient(R^(2))and percentage error(PE)of WQI_(min) model,which consists of 5 key parameters such as conductivity,ammonia nitrogen,dissolved oxygen,COD,and water temperature,are 0.82 and 9.46%respectively.In summary,WQI_(min) model has a good application prospect as a water quality assessment and management tool for a small cost,high efficiency.
作者
胡莹莹
王义成
周毓彦
许怡然
鲁帆
肖伟华
刘建伟
薛伟
于媛慧
HU Yingying;WANG Yicheng;ZHOU Yuyan;XU Yiran;LU Fan;XIAO Weihua;LIU Jianwei;XUE Wei;YU Yuanhui(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,Beijing 100038,China;College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu,China;School of Civil Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 10084,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2022年第3期145-154,共10页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC0406506)
国家自然科学基金项目(51909275)。
关键词
水质评价
WQI
层次聚类分析
时空差异性
白洋淀流域
water quality assessment
WQI
hierarchical cluster analysis
spatio-temporal variation
Baiyangdian watershed
