摘要
新冠肺炎疫情给全球旅游业带来了巨大的冲击和挑战,深入探讨疫情对旅游业的影响及应对成为各界关注的重点。本文从居民出游意愿、场所空间容量、市场经营主体、旅游政策等供需关系方面分析了新冠肺炎疫情对中国旅游业的影响。研究表明:(1)疫情对居民出游消费信心、意愿和能力造成较大影响,但潜在出游需求仍然存在。(2)疫情对旅游地空间环境造成较大物理和心理压缩,与旅游关联紧密的文化产业、娱乐业的生产空间容量也受到了间接影响。(3)疫情对旅游产业链、旅游市场主体经营等方面造成了全面且深远的影响。(4)疫情防控常态化下旅游政策供给以“流动管制”和“行业纾困”并重为主。面对疫情的持续影响,建议着重从组织响应、空间响应和企业韧性3个方面进一步强化旅游业应对能力,即:完善业外支撑、业内驱动、业界保障的三位一体组织响应体系;构建旅游目的地(点)-连结(线)-网络结构(网络)的三级协同空间响应机制;从企业组织、产品服务、管理和营销、市场品牌、员工心理等5个方面加强旅游企业韧性建设,以增强中国旅游业恢复发展能力。
The coronavirus disease of 2019(COVID-19)has brought enormous impacts and challenges to global tourism.How to cope with the pandemic has become the focus of attention.This paper analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism of China from the aspects of residents’travel willingness,tourist site space capacity,operation of tourism market entities,and tourism policy supply.The research results show that:(1)The pandemic has greatly impacted residents’consumer confidence,willingness,and ability to travel,but the potential travel demand still exists.(2)The pandemic has caused great physical and psychological compression to the tourism space environment.The production space capacity of the cultural industry and the entertainment industry,which are closely related to tourism,has also been indirectly affected.(3)The pandemic has had a comprehensive and far-reaching impact on the tourism industry chain and the operation of tourism market entities.(4)Under the normalization of pandemic prevention and control,the tourism policy has mainly been based on"flow control"and"industry rescue".Eventually,based on the response system,spatial response mechanism,and the resilience of tourism enterprises,the responses of China’s tourism industry to the pandemic are explored.First,the trinity response system of tourism to resist the pandemic should be constructed from the three dimensions of hierarchical government support,management department drive,and industry organization coordination.Second,the spatial response mechanism of the tourism system based on the three-level collaborative destination(point)-link(line)-network structure(network)under the normalization of pandemic prevention and control is proposed.Third,the countermeasures to enhance the resilience of tourism enterprises are put forward from five aspects:enterprise organization,product service,management and the marketing,and market brand and employee psychology.
作者
唐承财
张宏磊
赵磊
杨媛媛
魏歌
TANG Chengcai;ZHANG Honglei;ZHAO Lei;YANG Yuanyuan;WEI Ge(School of Tourism Sciences,Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100024,China;School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;The Department of Business Administration,School of Management,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,China;Research Center of Beijing Tourism Development,Beijing 100024,China)
出处
《中国生态旅游》
2022年第1期169-183,共15页
Journal of Chinese Ecotourism
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42071199,41771153)
国家社科基金艺术学重大项目(20ZD02)。
关键词
新冠肺炎疫情
旅游目的地
旅游市场
旅游环境
旅游移动性
企业韧性
旅游政策
中国
COVID-19
tourism destinations
tourism market
tourism environment
tourism mobility
enterprise resilience
tourism policy
China
