摘要
【目的】研究中草药对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、免疫机能及抗应激的影响。【方法】采用单因素完全随机设计,选取576只1日龄科宝肉鸡,随机分为8个试验组,分别饲喂基础日粮+抗生素(0.48 g/kg氟苯尼考,Ⅰ组)、基础日粮(Ⅱ组)、基础日粮+1.5%板蓝根(Ⅲ组)、基础日粮+1.5%大青叶(Ⅳ组)、基础日粮+1.5%青黛(Ⅴ组)、基础日粮+0.75%板蓝根和0.75%大青叶复合物(Ⅵ组)、基础日粮+0.75%板蓝根和0.75%青黛复合物(Ⅶ组)、基础日粮+0.75%大青叶和0.75%青黛复合物(Ⅷ组),饲养期为42 d。【结果】试验前期(1~21 d),Ⅳ组、Ⅵ组及Ⅶ组平均采食量显著高于Ⅱ组;Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组平均体增质量显著高于Ⅱ组及Ⅷ组(P<0.05);试验后期(22~42 d),所有处理组料质量比均显著低于Ⅴ组,且Ⅰ组显著低于Ⅳ组(P<0.05);从全期(1~42 d)看,除Ⅴ组外各组平均体增质量均显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),而Ⅰ组显著高于Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅴ组、Ⅶ组和Ⅷ组(P<0.05)。除Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组外其他各组屠宰率均显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),且Ⅶ组、Ⅷ组屠宰率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅵ组、Ⅶ组、Ⅷ组半净膛率显著高于Ⅱ组及Ⅴ组(P<0.05);Ⅴ组全净膛率显著高于Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅵ组及Ⅶ组(P<0.05);Ⅳ组胸肌率显著高于除Ⅰ组外的其余各组(P<0.05);除Ⅷ组外其他各组腿肌率均显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。Ⅷ组滴水损失显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P<0.05),但其剪切力显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。与Ⅱ组相比较,Ⅴ组和Ⅷ组胸腺指数显著提高,且Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ组显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ组法氏囊指数显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅷ组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组显著高于Ⅲ组和Ⅷ组(P<0.05)。除Ⅴ组外,其他处理组IgA含量均显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),且其IgG含量显著低于Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ组(P<0.05)。除Ⅵ组外,其他中草药添加组促肾上腺皮质激素含量均显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。【结论】日粮添加板蓝根、大青叶、青黛及其简单复配剂对肉鸡生长发育、肉品质、免疫及抗应激均有积极作用,且以0.75%板蓝根和0.75%大青叶复配添加效果较好。
【Objective】To study the effects of Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,immune function and anti-stress of broilers.【Method】A total of 5761-day-old Cobb broilers were randomly divided into 8 experimental groups,which were fed with basal diet+antibiotics(0.48 g/kg Florfenicol,groupⅠ),basal diet(GroupⅡ),basal diet+1.5%Radix isatidis(GroupⅢ),basal diet+1.5%Folium isatidis(GroupⅣ),basal diet+1.5%Indigo naturali(GroupⅤ),basal diet+0.75%R.isatidis+0.75%F.isatidis(GroupⅥ),basal diet+0.75%R.isatidis+0.75%Indigo naturali(GroupⅦ),and basal diet+0.75%F.isatidis+0.75%I.naturali(GroupⅧ).The feeding period was 42 days.【Result】The average feed intake of groupⅣ,groupⅥand groupⅦwas significantly higher than that of groupⅡ;the average body weight gain of groupⅢand groupⅣwas significantly higher than that of groupⅡand groupⅧduring starter(1~21 d)(P<0.05).The feed conversion ratio of all treatment groups was significantly lower than that of groupⅤ,and groupⅠwas significantly lower than groupⅣduring finisher(22~42 d)(P<0.05).Except groupⅤ,the average body weight gain of each group was significantly higher than that of groupⅡ(P<0.05),while that of groupⅠwas significantly higher than that of groupⅡ,groupⅢ,groupⅤ,groupⅦand groupⅧduring day 1~42(P<0.05).Except groupⅤand groupⅥ,the slaughter rates of other groups were significantly higher than those of groupⅡ(P<0.05),and the slaughter rates of groupⅦand groupⅧwere significantly higher than those of groupⅠ(P<0.05).The half clean rate of groupⅥ,groupⅦand groupⅧwere significantly higher than those of groupⅡand groupⅤ(P<0.05).The full clean rate of groupⅤwas significantly higher than that of groupⅡ,groupⅣ,groupⅥand groupⅦ(P<0.05).The breast muscle rate of groupⅣwas significantly higher than that of the other groups except groupⅠ(P<0.05).The leg muscle rate of other groups except groupⅧwas significantly higher than that of groupⅡ(P<0.05).The drip loss of groupⅧwas significantly lower than that of groupⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣ(P<0.05),but its shear force was significantly higher than that of groupⅡ(P<0.05).Compared with groupⅡ,the thymus index of groupⅤand groupⅧwas significantly increased,and the thymus index of groupⅢ,Ⅳ,ⅥandⅦwas significantly lower than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05).The bursa index of groupⅤ,ⅥandⅦwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅧ(P<0.05),and the thymus index of groupⅠandⅡwas significantly higher than that of groupⅢandⅧ(P<0.05).Except for groupⅤ,the IgA in other treatment groups was significantly higher than that in groupⅡ(P<0.05),and IgG content was significantly lower than that in groupsⅣ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ,ⅦandⅧ(P<0.05).Except for groupⅥ,the content of ACTH in other groups was significantly higher than that in groupⅠand groupⅡ(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The diet supplemented with R.isatidis,F.isatidis,I.naturali and their simple combination had positive effects on growth and development,meat quality,immunity and anti-stress of broilers,and 0.75%R.isatidis+0.75%F.isatidis had better effect.
作者
闫如霞
金贺伟
唐德富
年芳
赵祥民
YAN Ruxia;JIN Hewei;TANG Defu;NIAN Fang;ZHAO Xiangmin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2022年第1期1-11,共11页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31660664,31702131)
甘肃省猪鸡产业技术体系项目(GARS-ZJ-3)。
关键词
肉鸡
中草药
生产性能
免疫机能
抗应激
broiler
Chinese herbs
production performance
immune function
anti-stress
