摘要
锂硫电池具有高比能、低成本、环境友好等优点,是最具发展潜力的下一代二次电池体系之一.受限于硫的本征绝缘性、多硫化锂的穿梭效应、界面副反应、锂枝晶生长等问题,锂硫电池的商业化应用还面临着诸多挑战.本文结合本课题组近年来在锂硫电池领域的相关研究进展,提出了硫正极反应机制的调控、电极结构设计、电解质改性优化策略,实现了锂硫电池综合性能的协同提升;最后对锂硫电池的发展进行了展望.
As one of the most promising next generation secondary battery systems, lithium-sulfur battery has the advantages of high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. But its commercial application still faces several challenges, such as the intrinsic insulation of sulfur, the shuttle effect of the intermediate lithium polysulfide, and the growth of lithium dendrites. In recent years, our research group has systematically investigated the electrode materials, performance and mechanism for Li-S batteries. We have realized the solid-solid conversion of sulfur via micropore limitation, and rational cathode-electrolyte interface construction. Different from the conventional solid-liquid-solid cathode process, solid-solid conversion of sulfur can not only avoid the diffusion of the soluble intermediate lithium polysulfide and the “shuttle effect”,but also effectively reduce the electrolyte/sulfur ratio(E/S) and therefore enhance the energy density of battery. In addition,we have also realized high surface capacity of the Li-S battery through structural design, and effectively inhibited the shuttle effect of polysulfide by constructing a functional intermediate layer. For lithium metal anode protection, we have designed and constructed kinds of three-dimensional current collection, which can effectively inhibit the formation of lithium dendrite, and hence comprehensively improve the safety and cyclability. We have also improved the air stability and moisture resistance of lithium metal by artificial solid electrolyte interface construction and interface modification. In addition, due to the low room-temperature conductivity and weak mechanical strength of polymer electrolytes commonly used in solid state electrolytes, we have successfully improved the mechanical property and flame resistance of polymer electrolytes by modification. Finally, we put forward a prospect for promoting the practical application of Li-S batteries with the goal of high energy, high safety and long cycle life.
作者
熊润荻
向经纬
李想
袁利霞
李真
黄云辉
Rundi Xiong;Jingwei Xiang;Xiang Li;Lixia Yuan;Zhen Li;Yunhui Huang(Laboratory of Energy Storage and Conversion,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期1072-1087,共16页
Chinese Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金(汽车联合基金)重点项目(U1764256)
湖北省自然科学基金(2021CFA066)资助。
关键词
锂硫电池
界面调控
锂负极保护
电化学性能
协同提升
lithium-sulfur battery
interface modification
protection of Li anode
electrochemical performance
synergistic improvement
