摘要
基于2021年6套课标卷中概率与统计试题的统计与分析,从情境设置、知识考查、统计素养、综合难度4个维度进行定量和定性分析,研究发现:试题强调问题情境的创新融合,关注基础知识的变式考查,渗透统计素养的应用考查,凸显了概率统计的综合考查.具体表现为,注重由实际问题抽象出统计概念,并能用统计数据进行分析,以此进行统计判断;运用概率统计的视角去分析问题、构建模型、计算结果及依据结果提出决策,凸显运用统计思维解决问题的能力.结合全国课标卷概率统计试题特点,基于高考对教学的导向作用,概率统计专题教学需要重视:关注新旧课标的变化,落实知识整体;兼顾情境设计与概念理解,适应趋势要求;优化概率与统计教学,提升学生统计素养.
Based on the statistics and analysis of the probability and statistics test questions in the six sets of papers in 2021, the test questions are sorted out from the following four dimensions: situation setting, knowledge points, statistical literacy, and comprehensive difficulty. It is found that probability and statistics paid attention to the innovation of problem situations, focusing on the variant examination of basic knowledge, penetrating the application examination of statistical literacy, and thus highlighting the comprehensive examination of probability and statistics. Specifically, it focuses on abstracting statistical concepts from actual problems and can use statistical data for analysis to make statistical judgments;uses the perspective of probability statistics to analyze problems, build models, calculate results, and make decisions based on results, highlighting the use of statistics thinking to solve problems. Combined with the characteristics of the probability and statistics test questions in the national curriculum standard paper and based on the guiding role of the college entrance examination in teaching, the teaching of probability and statistics should focus on the changes between the old and the new curriculum standards, implement the overall knowledge.Teachers should take into account the situational design and conceptual understanding, adapt to the trend requirements, optimize the probability and statistics teaching, and enhance the students’ statistical literacy.
作者
李亚琼
潘禹辰
徐文彬
钱诣文
张海燕
LI Ya-qiong;PAN Yu-chen;XU Wen-bin;QIAN Yi-wen;ZHANG Hai-yan(Institute of Curriculum and Teaching,Nanjing Normal University,Jiangsu Nanjing 210079,China;School of Mathematical Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Jiangsu Nanjing 210023,China;School of Educational Sciences,Chifeng College,Inner Mongolia Chifeng 024000,China)
出处
《数学教育学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期20-25,共6页
Journal of Mathematics Education
基金
江苏省中小学教学研究课题——教师研究的理论思考与模式建构(2021JY14_L390)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目——高中数学整体教学设计的模式建构与实践应用(SJCX22_0506)。
关键词
全国课标卷
概率统计
综合难度
统计素养
统计与分析
national curriculum standard paper
probability and statistics
comprehensive difficulty
statistical literacy
statistics and analysis
