摘要
目的分析云南省临沧市疟疾流行特征与防治历程,评估临沧市疟疾防治成效,为巩固消除疟疾成果提供依据。方法收集临沧市1952年1月—2020年12月疟疾疫情和防治资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析临沧市疟疾流行特征和防治历程。结果1952—2020年临沧市共报告疟疾病例493641例,死亡1944例,病死率为0.39%;发病高峰期为1953年和1973年;1990—2020年间日疟病例数占全市报告总数的76.37%,恶性疟占18.87%,未分型占4.75%。疟疾防治经历了疟疾流行基线调查与防治试点、控制疟疾发病率、疟疾大幅度回升与控制暴发流行、降低发病率和巩固扩大防治成果、消除疟疾5个阶段。2015年报告最后一例本地感染疟疾病例,2018年通过省级消除疟疾认证。结论临沧市已到达消除疟疾标准,但疟疾流行因素依然存在,巩固消除疟疾成果,防止疟疾再传播依然面临严峻挑战。
Objective To analyze the malaria epidemic characteristics and its control process,and to evaluate its effectiveness of control for providing a basis for consolidating the achievements in malaria elimination in Lincang City in Yunnan Province.Methods The data of malaria epidemic and control process in Lincang City were collected from January 1952 to December 2020,then using descriptive epidemiological methods to analyze and evaluate the malaria epidemic characteristics and its control process in Lincang City.Results A total of 493641 malaria cases were reported in Lincang City from 1952 to 2020,in which including 1944 deaths with a mortality of 0.39%.The peak of incidence was demonstrated in year 1953 and 1973.The number of P.vivax cases accounted for 76.37%of overall reported malaria cases from 1990 to 2020,and 18.87%of P.falciparum and 4.75%of undifferentiated.Five phases were divided in the process of fighting malaria in Lincang City:baseline survey and pilot control trials,reducing malaria burden,malaria resurgence and outbreak control,consolidating and scaling up achievement and eliminating malaria.The last indigenous malaria case was reported in 2015 and then malaria free was certified by provincial level.Conclusion Despite the goal of elimination malaria had achieved in Lincang City,but malaria epidemic factors still exist.There are also many serious challenges in consolidating the achievements of elimination malaria and preventing the re-establishment of malaria.
作者
吕全
杨平
施靖
孙晓东
李华昌
LYU Quan;YANG Ping;SHI Jing;SUN Xiaodong;L I Huachang(Division of Malaria Control,Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Disease/Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research/Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector Borne Diseases Control and Research,Puer Yunnan 665000,China;Lincang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lincang Yunnan 677099,China)
出处
《中国卫生标准管理》
2022年第10期13-17,共5页
China Health Standard Management
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81960374)。
关键词
云南省临沧市
疟疾
流行病学
特征
防治
策略
历史
Lincang City in Yunnan Province
malaria
epidemiology
characteristic
control
elimination
strategy
