摘要
目的 了解甘肃省农村女性居民的室内空气污染(IAP)暴露情况,探讨其对呼吸道症状的影响。方法 于2015年8-11月随机抽取甘肃省3个监测点666名≥40岁非吸烟女性居民为研究对象,对其问卷调查和体格检查,使用IAP暴露指数评估IAP暴露情况,通过Logistic回归模型分析其对呼吸道症状的影响。结果 咳嗽、慢性咳嗽、咳痰、慢性咳痰、喘息及气短症状的自我报告率分别为11.0%、6.6%、11.3%、7.1%、13.1%和14.6%。IAP暴露指数较高者发生咳嗽、咳痰及喘息症状的风险高于暴露指数较低者(OR=2.169~3.382,P<0.05)。使用固体燃料做饭与取暖是发生咳嗽、咳痰、喘息及气短症状(OR=2.000~2.465,P<0.05)的危险因素;使用固体燃料做饭与取暖≥20年发生咳痰、慢性咳痰及气短症状的风险高于使用固体燃料做饭与取暖<20年的(OR=2.211~3.303,P<0.05);而做饭时使用抽油烟机是发生气短症状的保护因素(OR=0.470,P<0.05)。结论 暴露较多IAP源的女性发生各种呼吸道症状的风险较高,使用固体燃料做饭和取暖为主要危险因素,而做饭时使用抽油烟机为保护因素。
Objective To investigate the effects of indoor air pollution on respiratory symptoms of female residents in rural Gansu Province.Methods From August to November in 2015,666 non-smoking female residents(≥40 years old)were randomly selected from 3 monitoring stations in Gansu Province.The Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between indoor air pollution and respiratory symptoms.Results The prevalence rates of cough,chronic cough,expectoration,chronic expectoration,wheeze and shortness of breath were 11.0%,6.6%,11.3%,7.1%,13.1%and 14.6%,respectively.Female residents with a higher indoor air pollution exposure index scores had a higher risk of cough,expectoration and wheezing symptoms(OR=2.169〜3.382,P<0.05).Cooking and heating with solid fuels were risk factors for cough,expectoration,wheezing and shortness of breath(OR=2.000〜2.465,P<0.05).Compared with those who had been cooking and heating with solid fuels for less than 20 years,those who had been cooking with solid fuel for more than 20 years manifested a higher risk of cough,chronic cough and shortness of breath(OR=2.211〜3.303,P<0.05).Using a range hood while cooking was a protective measure for shortness of breath(OR=0.470,P<0.05).Conclusions Exposure to indoor air pollution may increase the risk of respiratory symptoms in rural women in Gansu Province.The main environmental risk factors for respiratory symptoms were cooking or heating with solid fuels,while the application of a range hood for cooking was a protective factor.
作者
徐晓程
何虎鹏
王搏
罗斌
Xu Xiao-cheng;He Hu-peng;Wang Bo;Luo Bin(Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《兰州大学学报（医学版）》
2022年第5期5-10,共6页
Journal of Lanzhou University（Medical Sciences）
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(4187050043)
2020年度甘肃省社科规划一般资助项目(20YB141)
甘肃省卫生健康行业科研计划资助项目(GSWSKY2020-28)。
